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Exam 6 > GI Elimination > Flashcards

GI Elimination Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

elimination

A

excretion of waste products from kidneys and intestines

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2
Q

defecation

A

process of elimination of waste- fecal matter

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3
Q

feces

A

semisolid mass of fiber, undigested food, inorganic matter

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4
Q

incontinence

A

Inability to control urine or feces

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5
Q

void

A

to urinate

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6
Q

micturate

A

to urinate

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7
Q

dysuria

A

painful or difficult urination

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8
Q

hematuria

A

blood in urine

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9
Q

noncoturia

A

frequent night urination

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10
Q

polyuria

A

large amounts of urine

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11
Q

urinary frequency

A

voiding at frequent intervals

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12
Q

urinary urgency

A

the need to void at once

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13
Q

proteinuria

A

presence of large protein in urea

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14
Q

hesitancy

A

difficulty initiating urination

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15
Q

dribbling

A

leakage of urine despite voluntary control of urination

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16
Q

retention

A

accumulation of urine in bladder without the ability to completely empty

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17
Q

residual

A

urine remaining post void
more than 100mL

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18
Q

valsalva maneuver

A

increased pressure to strain abdominal muscles while maintaining a closed airway

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19
Q

factors affecting bowel elimination
developmental stage

A

patterns change throughout lifespan
babies/infants: do not realize signals
older: cognitive or neural changes

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20
Q

factors affecting bowel elimination
personal

A

privacy
fast paced jobs

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21
Q

factors affecting bowel elimination
sociocultural

A

stress

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22
Q

stress can cause =
primary risk factor in development of =

A

constipation and diarrhea
IBS

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23
Q

factors affecting bowel elimination
nutrition/hydration

A

regular intake of food promotes peristalsis
regular intake schedule
irregular schedule = irregularity
high fiber
fluid intake

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24
Q

factors affecting bowel elimination
activity

A

can stimulate peristalsis
sedentary people have weaker abdominal muscles
those who have limited activity usually experience constipation

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25
factors affecting bowel elimination medications
all oral medications have potential to affect GI constipation, diarrhea
26
factors affecting bowel elimination surgeries and procedures
bowel manipulation can lead to paralytic ileum NGT on low or immediate suction
27
factors affecting bowel elimination pregnancy
morning sickness slowing of intestinal motility risk of hemorrhoids
28
factors affecting bowel elimination pathological conditions
neurological disorders that affects innervations of lower GI tract cognitive conditions that limit the ability to sense "the urge" pain or immobility that leads to sluggish peristalsis
29
planning outcomes/evaluation
for pt's to have soft, formed, regular bowel movements be free of n/v, bloating
30
promotion regular defecation
privacy correct position timing fluid intake proper diet exercise
31
proper fluid intake
6-8 8 ounce glasses
32
proper diet
fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fiber
33
exercise
3-5 times a week ROM for those on bedrest positioning encouraging exercise
34
severe constipation
separate hard lumps
35
mild constipation
lumpy and sausage like
36
ideal
sausage shape with cracks or smooth and soft sausage
37
lacking fiber
soft blobs with clear edges
38
mild diarrhea
mushy consistency
39
severe diarrhea
liquid consistency
40
the kidneys maintain fluid balance in the body by
regulating the amount of makeup of the fluids inside and around the cells
41
kidney's role in fluid balance is partially controlled by
hormones
42
what are the 2 hormones involved inn fluid balance
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) aldosterone
43
ADH
produced by the pituitary gland
44
if ADH is high
causes more water to be ABSORBED creating a HIGH concentration but SMALL amount of urine
45
if ADH is low
causes more water to be EXCRETED creating a LARGE volume of urine
46
aldosterone
produced by adrenal gland regulates water reabsorption and changes urine concentration by increasing sodium absorption helps control secretion of K (potassium)
47
normal urinary patterns
kidneys produce about 50-60 mL per hour or 1500 mL per day normal voiding is typically 5-6 times per day- depends on fluid intake
48
specific gravity
if urine solutes increase = specific gravity increases normal specific gravity in urine = 1.002 to 1.003
49
fluid intake increase urine becomes more
diluted and lighter in color
50
fluid intake decrease urine becomes
darker and specific gravity rises
51
dark yellow urine
dehydration
52
red/pink urine
blood
53
brown urine
UTI
54
orange urine
medications beta carotene
55
milky white urine
yeast infection UTI
56
blue urine
methane blue
57
green urine
medication
58
purple urine
"purple bag syndrome" colonized bacteria in urinary collection device immediately remove and replace with new one
59
promoting normal urination
provide privacy assist with positioning facilitate toileting routines promote adequate fluids and nutrition assist with hygiene as needed
60
characteristics of urine
color, odor, clarity
61
urine testing specimen collection
collection devices depend on how much help the patient needs sterile collection process collection from foley bag
62
Record ALL Fluids Intake
semi liquid foods ice chips fluids IV fluids tube feeding irrigations instilled and not immediately removed
63
Record ALL Fluids Output
fluid loss via emesis urine output diarrhea drainage form suction or wounds
64
Accuracy
teach patient and family members about I&O use measured collection devices to accurate counts

Exam 6 (4 decks)

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