GI Emergencies Flashcards
(28 cards)
What’s Trancheoesophageal Fistula ( T e f)
A tracheoesophageal fistula
(TEF) is a connection between
the esophagus and the trachea.
• Congenital or acquired
What is Ulcerative Colitis
Generalized inflammation of the colon • Causes a thinning of the intestinal wall and a weakened rectum • Signs and symptoms may include: • Gradual onset of bloody diarrhea • Hematochezia • Mild to severe abdominal pain • Skin lesions
What’s Crohn’s Disease
• A series of attacks leaves a scarred, narrowed, and weakened portion of the small intestine. • Can cause bowel obstruction and fistula Signs and symptoms may include: • Rectal bleeding • Weight loss • Skin disorders
What are the 4 types of Intestinal obstructions
Herniation
Adhesion
Intussuscepticon
volvulus
What are the 4 types of Rectal Abscess
Anal fissure
Anal vein thrombosis
Anal Abscess
Procititis
what are the 4 types of hernias
Reducible
Incarcerated
strangulated
Incisional
Characteristics of Reducible hernia
Reducible
• Will return to normal location either spontaneously or by
manual manipulation
• Patient experiences little discomfort.
Characteristics of Incarcerated Hernia
Incarcerated
• Organ is trapped in its new location
• Common problem is bowel obstruction
Characteristics of strangulated hernia
Strangulated
• Intestine is trapped and squeezed, causing a lack of
blood supply to the area
• Patient experiences severe pain and sepsis
Characteristic of Incisional Hernia
Incisional
• Intestinal contents herniate through a surgical incision
• Similar to evisceration
whats Dunphy sign
Severe abdominal pain in the
right lower quadrant with coughing
What’s Rousing sign
Pain in the right lower
abdominal quadrant upon palpation of the
left lower abdominal quadrant
substances of upper GI Bleed
Melena
Hematemesis
Substances of Lower GI Bleed
Hematochezia
What is Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
Junction between the esophagus
and the stomach tears.
• Generally due to severe vomiting
What is Boerhaave Syndrome
• Tear travels through wall of
esophagus, creating a hole.
• Presents with upper chest pain;
very little bleeding.
What is Esophagogastric Varices
• Caused by pressure increases in blood vessels surrounding the esophagus and stomach Blood backs up into the portal vessels. • Initial presentation • Fatigue • Jaundice • Anorexia • Pruritus • Abdominal pain
What is cholangitis
Inflamation of Bile duct
what is cholelithiasis
stones in the gallbladder
What is cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder
What is Acalculus cholecystitis
Gallbladder inflammation without gallstones
what is cirrhosis
early liver failure
has two stages
what is Diverticulum
weak are of the colon that begins to create diverticula
What is diverticulosis
condition of having diverticula
