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COMAT: Surgery > GI Hormones and Physiology > Flashcards

GI Hormones and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

what produces cholecystokinin (CCK)?

A

duodenal mucosal cells

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2
Q

what stimulates CCK release?

A

fat, protein, amino acids, HCl

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3
Q

what inhibits CCK release?

A

trypsin and chymotrypsin

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4
Q

what are the actions of CCK?

A

empties gallbladder
opens ampulla of Vater
slows gastric emptying
stimulates pancreatic acing cell growth and release of exocrine products

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5
Q

what is the source of secretin?

A

duodenal cells

- argyrophilic S cells

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6
Q

what stimulates secretin release?

A

pH <4.5 (acid), fat in the duodenum

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7
Q

what inhibits secretin release?

A

high pH in the duodenum

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8
Q

what is the action of secretin?

A

releases pancreatic bicarb/enzymes/H2O
releases bile/bicarb
decreases LES tone
decreases release of gastric acid

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9
Q

what is the source of gastrin?

A

gastric antrum G cells

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10
Q

what stimulates gastrin release?

A

stomach peptides/amino acids
vagal input
calcium

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11
Q

what inhibits gastrin release?

A

pH <3.0

somatostatin

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12
Q

what are the actions of gastrin?

A

release of HCl from parietal cells

trophic effect on mucosa of the stomach and small intestine

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13
Q

what is the source of somatostatin?

A

pancreatic D cells

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14
Q

what stimulates release of somatostatin?

A

food

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15
Q

what is the action of somatostatin?

A

globally inhibits GI function

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16
Q

what is the purpose of the colon?

A

reabsorption of H2O and storage of stool

17
Q

what is the main small bowel nutritional source?

A

glutamine

18
Q

what is the main nutritional source of the colon?

A

butyrate (short-chain fatty acid)

19
Q

where is calcium absorbed?

A

duodenum actively, jejunum passively

20
Q

where is iron absorbed?

A

duodenum

21
Q

where is vitamin B12 absorbed?

A

terminal ileum

22
Q

which hormone primarily controls gallbladder contraction?

A

CCK

23
Q

what supplement does a patient need after removal of the terminal ileum or stomach?

A

vitamin B12

24
Q

what is the correct diagnosis for necrotizing migratory erythema?

A

glucagonoma

COMAT: Surgery (17 decks)

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