GI Physiology: Liver Flashcards Preview

Physiology Pt. 3 > GI Physiology: Liver > Flashcards

Flashcards in GI Physiology: Liver Deck (17)
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1
Q

Describe the blood supply to the liver.

A

75% is from the hepatic portal vein, 25% is from the hepatic artery.

2
Q

Do all absorbed substances pass through the liver? How many passes does it take for the liver to clear stuff out?

A

Yeah all absorbed substances go through the liver. It can take up 90% of stuff out in a single pass.

3
Q

The liver forms _____% of the body’s lymph.

A

50%

4
Q

Fluid and proteins that flow freely into the space of Disse end up forming ______.

A

lymph

5
Q

Increased sinusoidal pressure results in increased lymph production by the liver, which can lead to _________.

A

ascites

6
Q

Name the things that the liver stores.

A
  1. Glucose (glycogen).
  2. Fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K,), folate, B12.
  3. Minerals such as copper and iron.
7
Q

What three major metabolic processes regarding carbohydrate metabolism does the liver participate in?

A

Glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis

8
Q

Which macromolecule does the liver prefer to use for gluconeogenesis?

A

Protein

9
Q

What is an “essential” amino acid?

A

One of the AAs that the liver can’t make.

10
Q

Where are plasma proteins made? Which one is the most abundant?

A

Liver; albumin

11
Q

Does the liver make clotting factors?

A

yeah

12
Q

Where are lipoproteins made? Where are they cleared?

A

The liver! The liver!

13
Q

Does the liver make bile?

A

Yeah

14
Q

What does the gallbladder do?

A

Nothing in 20% of people. In others it stores and concentrates bile by absorbing ions (water follows).

15
Q

What is the liver’s importance in protein breakdown products?

A

It is the only place that can turn ammonia into urea!

16
Q

What is the toxic metabolite of ethanol?

A

acetaldehyde

17
Q

What happens in Phase I liver metabolism? What happens in Phase II?

A

Phase I makes stuff more soluble (polar) and oxidizes, reduces, or hydrolyzes the substance. Phase II is conjugation with glucuronic acid, AAs, etc.