GI: Signs & Symptoms

Question 1

Appendicitis

Answer 1

RLQ pain (Mcburney’s point) followed by N&V, rebound tenderness

Question 2

Peritonitis

Answer 2

Rigid board-like abd, abd pain/distention, rebound tenderness, N&V, fever, tachycardia, third spacing

Question 3

Gastroenteritis

Answer 3

Diarrhea, N&V

Question 4

Ulcerative Colitis

Answer 4

Bloody/mucousy stool, tenesmus, lower abd colicky pain relieved with defecation, low-grade fever, possible weight loss

Question 5

Crohn’s Disease

Answer 5

Diarrhea/steatorrhea, constant lower abd pain, low-grade fever, possible weight loss

Question 6

Diverticular Disease

Answer 6

LLQ pain, N&V, low-grade fever, tachycardia

Question 7

Anorectal Abscess

Answer 7

Rectal pain, swelling, redness, tenderness

Question 8

Anal Fissure

Answer 8

Pain during/after defecation, bright red blood in stool

Question 9

Anal Fistula

Answer 9

Pruritus, purulent discharge, pain worsened by BM

Question 10

Parasitic infection

Answer 10

Diarrhea, tenesmus, fever, abd tenderness, vomiting

Question 11

Food poisoning: Staphylococcal

Answer 11

N&V, diarrhea, no fever

Question 12

Food poisoning: E.coli

Answer 12

N&V, diarrhea, abd cramping, fever

Question 13

Food poisoning: Botulism

Answer 13

N&V, diarrhea, paralysis, diplopia, dysphagia, dysarthria

Question 14

Food poisoning: Salmonellosis

Answer 14

N&V, fever, abd cramping, diarrhea

Question 15

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Answer 15

LLQ pain, nausea, constipation/diarrhea, belching, gas, anorexia, bloating

Question 16

Colorectal Cancer

Answer 16

Rectal bleeding, anemia, change in stool consistency or shape

Question 17

Small Bowel Obstruction

Answer 17

Upper/mid abd pain/distention, N&V, obstipation

Question 18

Large Bowel Obstruction

Answer 18

Lower abd cramping/distention, obstipation or ribbon-like stools

Question 19

Hemorrhoids

Answer 19

Rectal bleeding, pain, prolapse

Question 20

Malabsorption

Answer 20

Chronic diarrhea, steatorrhea, unintentional weight loss

Question 21

Cirrhosis (early)

Answer 21

Fatigue, significant change in weight, anorexia, vomiting, abd pain/tenderness

Question 22

Cirrhosis (advanced)

Answer 22

GI bleeding, jaundice, ascites, spontaneous bruising

Question 23

Hepatitis

Answer 23

RUQ pain, arthralgia/myalgia, diarrhea/constipation, dark urine, clay-colored stool, jaundice, fever, lethargy/malaise, N&V

Question 24

Hepatic Abscess

Answer 24

RUQ pain with palpable liver tenderness, anorexia, weight loss, N&V, fever/chills, weakness/malaise, shoulder pain

Question 25

Liver Trauma

Answer 25

RUQ pain with abd tenderness, abd distention, rigidity, referred pain to rt shoulder

Question 26

Liver Cancer

Answer 26

RUQ pain followed by jaundice, bleeding, ascites, edema, weight loss, anorexia, weakness

Question 27

Rejection of Liver Transplant

Answer 27

Tachycardia, fever, RUQ pain, jaundice

Question 28

Cholecystitis

Answer 28

Vague episodic upper abd pain referred to rt shoulder (triggered by high-fat or high-volume meal), N&V, dyspepsia, eructation, flatulence, abd tenderness, rebound tenderness, fever; may have jaundice, steatorrhea with chronic cholecystitis

Question 29

Gallbladder Cancer

Answer 29

Anorexia, weight loss, N&V, abd bloating, fever, malaise, liver/spleen enlargement; jaundice, severe abd pain for advanced stage

Question 30

Pancreatitis (Acute)

Answer 30

LUQ or mid-epigastric pain that radiates to back, lt flank, or left shoulder (relieved by bringing knees up), generalized jaundice, gray-blue appearance of abd, third spacing

Question 31

Pancreatitis (Chronic)

Answer 31

Intense/continuous LUQ pain, abd tenderness, ascites, steatorrhea, weight loss, jaundice, dark urine, polyuria/polydipsia/polyphagia

Question 32

Pancreatic Abscess

Answer 32

epigastric pain radiating to back, abd fullness, N&V, jaundice, fever up to 104 F

Question 33

Pancreatic Pseudocyst

Answer 33

Epigastric pain radiating to back, abd fullness, N&V, jaundice, fever up to 104 F

Question 34

Pancreatic Cancer

Answer 34

Jaundice, clay-colored stool, dark urine, abd pain that radiates to the back, weight loss, anorexia, N&V, glucose intolerance, splenomegaly, flatulence, GI bleeding, ascites, leg/calf pain, weakness/fatigue

Question 35

GERD

Answer 35

Dyspepsia, regurgitation, eructation, flatulence, water brash

Question 36

Hiatal Hernia

Answer 36

Heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, dysphagia, belching, feeling of fullness/breathlessness after eating, worsening of sx when supine

Question 37

Esophageal Tumor

Answer 37

Persistent/progressive dysphagia, odynophagia, chest/abd pain, regurgitation, chronic cough, hoarseness, anorexia, N&V, weight loss

Question 38

Esophageal Diverticula

Answer 38

Dysphagia, regurgitation, nocturnal cough, halitosis

Question 39

Gastritis (Acute)

Answer 39

Epigastric pain with rapid onset, N&V, vomiting blood, gastric hemorrhage, dyspepsia, anorexia

Question 40

Gastritis (Chronic)

Answer 40

Epigastric pain relieved by food, anorexia, N&V, intolerance of fatty/spicy, pernicious anemia

Question 41

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Answer 41

Epigastric tenderness, dyspepsia, N&V

Question 42

Gastric Ulcer

Answer 42

LUQ pain aggravated by food, hematemesis

Question 43

Duodenal Ulcer

Answer 43

RUQ pain 90 min to 3 hours after eating & relieved by eating, often awakened by pain, melena

Question 44

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Answer 44

Epigastric tenderness, dyspepsia, N&V, diarrhea, steatorrhea

Question 45

Gastric Cancer (Early)

Answer 45

Indigestion, abd discomfort relieved with antacids, feeling of fullness, epigastric/back/retrosternal pain

Question 46

Gastric Cancer (Advanced)

Answer 46

N&V, obstructive sx, palpable mass, enlarged lymph nodes, weakness/fatigue, weight loss