Gilded Age Flashcards
1
Q
When and where was the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?
A
July 14 in Martinsburg, WV
2
Q
Why did the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 occur?
A
- a response to the cutting of wages for the 2nd time in a year by the Baltimore + Ohio Railroad
3
Q
What was the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 like?
A
- violent and unorganized
- President Hayes had to send troops to put down the strike
4
Q
When and where was the Pullman Strike?
A
- May 11, 1894 in Pullman, Illinois
5
Q
Why did the Pullman Strike occur?
A
- 3,000 workers response to reduction in wages
6
Q
What was the Pullman Strike like?
A
- brought traffic west of Chicago to a halt
- the American Railway Union supported them by refusing to handle Pullman cars + equipment!
7
Q
When was the National Time Zone established?
A
- November 18, 1883 at noon
8
Q
What did the National Time Zone System do?
A
- divided the country into 4 time zones
- increased coordination + prevented collisions
9
Q
When was the first Transcontinental Railroad built?
A
-1863-1869
10
Q
What did the first Transcontinental Railroad do?
A
- linked the railway network of the East and West by rail
11
Q
When and what was the Last Spike?
A
- May 10, 1869
- when the transcontinental road was finished, the railroads met at Promontory Point, Utah and laid the Last or Golden spike
12
Q
What did labor unions do?
A
- used strikes as a method to attain fair wages, hours, and working conditions
13
Q
What was AFL? (American Federation of Labor)
A
- founded by Samuel Gompers
- promoted shorter hours, higher wages, and safe working conditions
14
Q
Who was Eugene Debs?
A
- founder of International Labor Union and the Industrial Workers of the World
- proposed industrial union for all railway workers
- famous socialist
- owner of American Railway Union (involved in Pullman Strike)
15
Q
What is Social Darwinism?
A
- means survival of the fittest
