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Semester 2 Unit 1 APUSH > Gilded Age > Flashcards

Gilded Age Flashcards

1
Q

Gilded

A

thin coating of paint to look like precious metals

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2
Q

Gilded Age

A

between the reconstruction and progressive era
era of wealth but lots of poverty
US became global industrial power

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3
Q

sources of industry

A

rail road
rail road cars
electricity
steel

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4
Q

effects of rail road

A

193000 miles of track by 1900

times zones created in 1883

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5
Q

vertical integration

A

swift armour
not paying middleman
own every part of process

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6
Q

horizontal integration

A

rockefeller
own every company of one process
monopoly

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7
Q

trust

A

different names but same control

don’t own something outright, but controlled by the same person

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8
Q

Westinghouse

A

electricity

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9
Q

rockefeller

A

oil

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10
Q

carnegie

A

steel

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11
Q

pullman

A

train cars

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12
Q

munn vs IL

A

1877
government attempt to regulate grain warehouses
IL sets max rate warehouses can charge people
munn challenged it
not upheld because interstate trade

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13
Q

wabash vs IL

A

1886
IL attempts to regulate railroads (what they charge)
challenged by wabash
not upheld because interstate trade (only fed govt can control interstate trade

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14
Q

interstate commerce act

A

1887
you must publish rate
standardized rates per mile
intended to regulate railroads but not well done bc gilded age= $$$$$ for US

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15
Q

sherman anti-trust act

A

1890
if you act to monopolize or restrict fair traid you can be arrested
used mostly against labor unions (restraining trade)

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16
Q

US vs. Ecknight refinery

A

1895
buying out state so not regulated
EC knight claims manufacturing occurs in one place, therefore not interstate
upheld, manufacturing does not equal commerce
overturned 10-15 years later

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17
Q

Robber barons

A

those who dominated large industries

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18
Q

changes brought by gilded age

A 
urbanization
decrease in family size
benefits in convenience 
changes in nature of work 
increased immigration
class segregation in cities
fait in progress and technology
new ideas about how to approach increasing inequality
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19
Q

focus on image

A 
body image
fashion
hygiene
house
appliances
furniture
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20
Q

women

A

separate spheres intact
domestic
entertainers

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21
Q

children

A

indulged

toys

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22
Q

education

A

no longer a luxury for upper class, a necessity

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23
Q

guns

A

needed to protect

affordable

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24
Q

average income

A

$600/yr

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25
needed income to live comfortably
$900/year
26
working family women
14 hour days | $1.50 a day
27
working family children
14 hour days $1.00 a day no education no real childhood
28
space
overcrowded renting functionality>fashion
29
hygiene
could not be afforded by working class
30
entertainment for working families
no time for it
31
education for working families
not past 14 | $= biggest priority
32
immigration 1890-1915
southern and eastern europeans overall increase in number ( 5 goes to 15 (mil)) hungarian, turkish, lithuanian, russian, jewish, greek, italian, romaian
33
dumbbell tenament
sign of poverty unhealthy unventilated
34
push factor
why people leave
35
pull factor
why people come
36
landsmen
people from the same original country as someone
37
greenhorns
newest arrived immigrants | embarrassing
38
tenements
crowded apartments
39
nativism
people against immigrants
40
settlement houses
community centers to help immigrants
41
Jane Addams
Hull House | supported job regulation
42
Henry George
land ownership= source of poverty wanted land tax land should be a right
43
andrew carnegie philosophy
poverty comes from laziness, drunkenness, idleness channeling resources= solution to poverty rich people should donate to create libraries/ resources for impoverished, not donate to them
44
william graham sumner
social darwinism virtue determines profit dont tax rich no govt involvement
45
samuel gompers
against immigrants moderate not socialist unions= solution to poverty, protect rights
46
horatio alger
street urchins can pull themselves out of poverty if they use willpower pluck and luck author of ragged dick
47
edward bellamy
book set in 2000 workers rights, minimum wage, etc government should create utopia
48
jacob riis
housing conditions trap people in cycle of poverty increase education, safer rec centers/parks no more tenaments
49
washington gladden
``` social gospel movement religion into other aspects of life love thy neighbor as thyself integrate african americans unions encourages govt involvement ```
50
josephine shaw lowell
poor wages= cause of poverty consumer league--> only buy things from manufacturers who pay fair wages limit community support but integrate impoverished into society
51
gilded age presidents
laissez faire | republican
52
laissez faire
no government involvement in economy
53
pensions
funding of civil war veterans sympathy of the republic pensions go up largest burden on US govt at the time
54
gilded age business
corruption and political machines
55
tanmamy hall
democratic political machine
56
stalawarts
republican political machine
57
half breeds
republican political machine
58
pendleton act
test to demonstrate ability to have govt jobs merit test avoid corruption
59
garfield
assassinated | killed by henry guteau
60
tariffs
disagreed upon between parties | reps want high dems want low
61
income tax
grover cleveland tried to pass 1st peace time tax 5% wealthiest get taxed supreme court strike it down
62
pollock case
supreme court strike down income tax
63
currency reguation
gold standard | add free silver (populists)
64
sherman silver purpose
under benjamin harrison bimetallic standard revoked by cleveland in 1892
65
modern campaigning
``` beginning of modern campaigning hiring of people to help you get elected large campaign staff national travel media saturation raising $ to campaign ```
66
imperialism
``` most presidents pro imperialism (except cleveland) monetary gains resources trade ports manifest destiny asia pacific caribbean ```
67
mckinley
pro business shot by polish immigrant enemy of the working people according to ^
68
segregation
``` jim crow laws poll taxes literacy tests grandfather clause lynching ```
69
brooker t washington
born in south born into slavery submissive emphasized hard work
70
W E B DuBois
born in noth first african american to receive pHd from Harvard encourages AA progress bold
71
tuskegee institute
started by washington in 1888 | vocational educational skills
72
national negro business league
established by washington in 1900
73
national association for the advancement of colored people
establish by duBois in 1909
74
plessy vs fergusson
1896 upholds jim crow laws separate but equal
75
new south
industrialized | increasing AA immigration to urban areas
76
ida wells barnett
``` red record 1895 recorded lynching wanted federal anti lynching laws never happens had to move b/c life was threatened ```

Semester 2 Unit 1 APUSH (1 decks)

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