gilded age and progressivism

Question 1

what was the major social shift in America during the late 1800?

Answer 1

agriculture nation turned into a complex industrial society

Question 2

name two key inventions from the late 1800s and their inventors

Answer 2

edison - light bulb
samuel mourse - telegraph

Question 3

fredrick w taylor

Answer 3

• he trained workers to work faster by reducing wasted motion
• increased profits

Question 4

horizontal

Answer 4

joining together as many firms from the same industry as possible

Question 5

vertical

Answer 5

taking control of each step in the production and distribution of a product

Question 6

john d rockefeller

Answer 6

method - buy or bankrupt competitors
- oil industry

Question 7

andrew carnegie

Answer 7

method - thought of a cheaper way to make steel
- steel industry

Question 8

sherman antitrust act of 1890

Answer 8

outlawed, trust, monopolies and other forms of business that restricted trade

Question 9

uprising of 20,000

Answer 9

thousands of young women walked out of their garment factory jobs in New York

Question 10

typical working conditions

Answer 10

Long hours, low wages, no safety rules

Question 11

hazards in factories

Answer 11

slippery floors, open blades, molten steel (hot)

Question 12

why were children employed and factors in mines during this period?

Answer 12

to get more money
- they earned less than adults so it’s easy for them to get hired

Question 13

common living conditions

Answer 13

crowded area, rundown apartments, disease

Question 14

main goal of of early labor unions

Answer 14

higher wages, shorter hours, improved working conditions

Question 15

how did the public view labor unions

Answer 15

largely unsuccessful

Question 16

fair labor standards act

Answer 16

marked the end of child labor in the US

Question 17

what did the Statue of Liberty symbolize for immigrants surviving into the US?

Answer 17

A sign of Vulcan, promising opportunity and freedom

Question 18

two men push factors that caused Europeans to leave their homelands

Answer 18

population growth, hunger and famine, religious persecution, political instability

Question 19

pull factors that attracted immigrants to the US

Answer 19

economic opportunities, freedom and democracy, stories of success from friends and relatives

Question 20

conditions of steerage passengers on their journey across the atlantic

Answer 20

arrived with little money and few possessions, faced discrimination and prejudice, ethnic neighborhoods

Question 21

six second exam

Answer 21

to detect those who should be held for a more through medical exam

Question 22

what type of support did immigrant aid societies provide to new arrivals?

Answer 22

tenements (housing/small apartments)

Question 23

chinese exclusion act of 1882

Answer 23

10 year ban on Chinese laborers immigrating to the US

Question 24

1st wave of immigrants

Answer 24

northern and western europe (1820-1870)

Question 25

2nd wave of immigrants

Answer 25

southern and eastern europe, all parts of the world (1880-1920)

Question 26

irish potato famine

Answer 26

potato rot destroyed main food source, million died of starvation, caused Irish to immigrate to US

Question 27

naturalization act of 1802

Answer 27

legal process to become a US citizen

Question 28

what two major transformations were occurring in America

Answer 28

rise of muckraking journalism and urban challenges

Question 29

muckrakers

Answer 29

fearless journalist who works to expose the social and economic problems hidden behind America’s rapid growth

Question 30

how did the US population shift in terms of geography by 1900

Answer 30

Siri said opportunities attracted people with promises of jobs, entertainment, and modern amenities like running water and electricity

Question 31

census bureau

Answer 31

The American frontier closed, much land in the west had been settled on

Question 32

two major challenges with urban infrastructure that affected city life

Answer 32

overcrowding and poor sanitation

Question 33

jacob riis, and his book “how the other half lives”

Answer 33

he was a famous muckraker. His book showed the harsh realities of tenant life in New York City

Question 34

what were the main Society issues that the progressive era aimed to address

Answer 34

racism, economic conditions, and immigration

Question 35

progressives

Answer 35

determined to solve the increasing problems, they observed in society

Question 36

social darwinism

Answer 36

- progressives rejected it - if your rich your rich, if your poor your poor

Question 37

what were some of the shared goals of the progressive era President Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard, Taft, and Woodrow Wilson

Answer 37

they challenged the economic and political power of the industrial giants

Question 38

Theodore Roosevelt Square deal

Answer 38

regulating big business to protect workers and consumers

Question 39

how did William Howard Taft approach to reform differ from Roosevelts?

Answer 39

he had a low tariff platform

Question 40

why did Theodore Roosevelt run for president again in 1912?

Answer 40

- because Taft betrayed his progressive ideals - taft beat him again

Question 41

Woodrow Wilson‘s new freedom program

Answer 41

to eliminate all trusts

Question 42

how did Roosevelt Taft and Wilson approach the issue of trustbusting

Answer 42

they made a lot to make it illegal

Question 43

meat inspection act and the pure food and drug act of 1906

Answer 43

keep packaging sanitary, and good food

Question 44

how did the progressive era presidents contribute to conservation environmental protection?

Answer 44

Challenge the economic and political power of the industrial giants and work send government corruption