Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ACP > GIM - Intro > Flashcards

GIM - Intro Flashcards

0
Q

Filipino:

A

Gout, disseminated coccidioidomycosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Heart sounds: plop

A

Atrial myxoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Caucasian, Northern Europe:

A

PMR, temporal arteritis, pernicious anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

SE Asian

A

TB, rheumatic HD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Japanese

A

Gastric ca, moya-moya (arteries of circle of Willis blocked by constriction and blood clots, resulting in TIAs, recurrent strokes and haemorrhages)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Berry aneurysm

A

Saccular aneurysm, occurs at the point where the cerebral artery departs from the circular artery (at the circle of Willis) at the base of the brain. Prone to rupture and bleed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

PPD test

A

Mantoux, purified protein derivative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Least effect on dopaminergic system amongst antipsychotics

A

Quetiapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Opioids and CCBs can give a patient this urination abnormality

A

Urinary retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Overflow incontinence: PVR >

A

> 100 cc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bladder detrusor innervation (to squeeze)

A

Parasympathetic (=cholinergic) - at level S1S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bladder internal sphincter innervation to hold

A

Sympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 mechanisms of urge incontinence:

A
  1. Loss of CNS inhibition of detrusor parasympathetic squeeze
  2. Over active detrusor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If detrusor is underactive, this urination abnormality occurs

A

Retention and overflow incontinence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Causes of detrusor underactivity

A
  1. Weakening is detrusor from chr obstruction - blockage below
  2. Meds (TCAs, opioids, antocholinergics - Benadryl)
  3. Peripheral neuropathy - DMT2, PD, mechanical damage to the detrusor nerves (spinal stenosis, disc herniation, tumor etc)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Leser-Trelat sign

A

Sudden onset of seborrheic keratosis (paraneoplastic - NHL, GI malignancies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vibrio infection

A

Eating raw shellfish eg. in Lousiana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ecthyma gangrenosum - vesicles, pustules, evolving to necrotic ulcers - painful

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ascending sporothrichoid infection - ascending nodular lymphangitis

A
  1. Sporotrichosis - gardening
  2. Mycobacterium marinum - fish tank, water
  3. Nocardia - soil
  4. Leishmaniasis - Texas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chickenpox in adults

A 
Cellulitis, sepsis
Pneumonia !!
Encephalitis
Predisposes to TSS
Reye sy (in pts on Aspirin; hypoglycaemia + brain edema + hepatic failure)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Transmission rates: HBV, HCV, HIV?

A

HBV>HCV>HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Indications for steroids in pts w mononucleosis:

A
  1. Impeding airway obstruction
  2. Liver failure
  3. Aplastic anemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Contact sports makes you prone to obtain this bug

A

MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Malignant external otitis (w cranial nerve involvement) in diabetic pts - aBx coverage?

A

Broad w double pseudomonas coverage - high mortality (15%!!) Hospital admission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Negative predictive value of normal CTPE
98%
25
Case control study design
Subjects are enrolled on the basis of disease status (ill or not) and then look for exposure/factors. Single disease study
26
Observational cohort study
Subjects are enrolled on the basis of exposure within a well defined population. This can be prospective or retrospective. For single exposure studies
27
Asthma presentation w intermittent pulmonary infiltrates & Tx
Allergic bronchi pulmonary aspergillosis - Tx: prednisone
28
Lambert-Eaton myasthenia sy ass w this malignancy
SCLC
29
Wernicke's encephalopathy -Tx
Thiamine, then glucose
30
INO clinical presentation
Weak adduction of affected eye, nystagmus w abduction of contra lateral eye
31
INO pathology and causes
- Brainstem abnormality 2ry to lesion in medial longitudinal fasciculus in the pons or midbrain - Causes: MS, brainstem infarct, syphilis, cancer, hepatic encephalopathy, head trauma, Wernicke's encephalopathy
32
3rd nerve palsy
Ipsilateral ptosis & normal or large/blown pupil (pupil reaction may be delayed + extraocular muscle impairment: looking down and outwards; cannot look inwards and up)
33
Myasthenia gravis - eye presentation
Ptosis (fatiguability), no pupil change
34
Syphilis eye finding
Argyl-Robertson pupil: accommodates but does not react to light No ptosis
35
Horner's syndrome - oculists pathetic palsy
Ptosis, myosis (small pupil on the same side), anhydrosis Enophtalmos - loss of innervation to the orbicularis muscle All ipsilateral
36
Charcot Marie Tooth - hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy
AD - autosomal dominant
37
Color blindness
X-linked recessive
38
NF-1
Autosomal dominant
39
Haemophilia A
X-linked recessive
40
Cystic fibrosis
Autosomal recessive
41
Cystic fibrosis incidence and carrier status
Incidence 1/2000 | Carriers 1/20
42
Cystic fibrosis & sterility
Women not sterile, but decreased fertility 2ry to thick cervical mucus Men sterile 2ry to absence of vas deferents
43
Klinefelter sy
47 XXY or mosaics
44
Klinefelter sy & cancer risk
Gynecomastia w increased risk of breast ca | ? Increased risk of testicular ca
45
Autosomal dominant conditions
Polycystic KD, Familial hyperchol, Familial hyperTG, Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal ca (HNPCC), Peutz-Jeghers sy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy), Huntington's, NF-1, tuberous sclerosis, AIP, BRCA 1&2 mutations
46
X-linked recessive
``` Color blindness Haemophilia A&B G6PD Duchenne's muscular dystrophy Fabry's disease - alpha galactozidase A deficiency ```
47
Autosomal recessive
``` CF, hemochromatosis, Alpha-1 antiripsin deficiency Sickle cell anaemia Thalassemia Tay-Sachs disease - hexoseaminidase deficiency Albinism ```
48
When to evaluate AAA emergently for Sx?
If acute pain
49
Dermatitis herpetiformis -clinical picture
Herpetiform rash, young adults or teens,associated w gluten sensitive enteropathy
50
Dermatitis herpetiformis - skin Bx
IgA-deposition
51
Dermatitis herpetiformis Tx
Dapsone and gluten-free diet
52
Acrodermatitis enteropathica - causes
Zinc deficiency 2ry to inborn error or nutritional
53
Common side effect of Dapsone
Haemolytic anemia (20-30%)
54
Falsely high HbaA1c
Fe/B12/folate deficient anemia | Some Hb-variants (sickle cell and S-Beta thalassemia)9
55
Mess having mortality benefits in CHF
BB, ACEI, spironolactone, hydralazine | + nitrate
56
Constrictive pericarditis causes
``` Radiation Cardiac Sx SLE-RA TB Malignancy Histoplasmosis Viral/Idiopathic pericarditis ```
57
Falsely low HbA1c
Haemolytic anemia Hbopathies Renal failure (RBC lifespan is significantly reduced with. The subsequent increased rate of hbturnover leads to decr exposure time to ambient glucose that in turn lowers the extent of non-enzymatic binding of glucose to haemoglobin) Phlebotomy/haemorrhage (transfusion)
58
Meralgia paraesthetica
- thigh lateral paresthesia - Entrapment of lateral femoral cutaneous nerves (no objective motor or sensory findings) - Causes: obesity, tight clothes, RF: DMT2
59
Small cell lung ca can cause hypoNa, hypoglycaemia, Cushing sy but not:
HyperCa
60
Malignant hypercalcaemia
- Breast ca (prostaglandins>bone lysis) - Squamous cell ca, renal ca (PTHrp) - lymphoma: 1,25 -OH-VitD - myeloma: cytokines
61
Paraneoplastic manifestations of renal cell ca
- Sudden onset varicocele (2%) - retro peritoneal pathology causing spermatic vein compression: non-reducible - fever (20%) (hepatoma can too) - erythrocytosis (3%, most commonly anemia) - non-metastatic liver dysfunction (15%)
62
When not to use HCTZ?
- gout - increased creat - pt on Lithium
63
Meds increasing Lithium levels
HCTZ, ACEIs
64
Finasteride - 5alpha-reductase inhibitor effects
Effects in 6-12 months to reduce symptomatic progression of BPH (bleeding from bladder varices and obstruction)
65
PSA is not a recommended screening test in this age group
>70
66
Probenecid effect
Increases uric acid excretion, only works if renal function is good
67
Livedo reticularis - doesn't come and go; associated with
Increased thrombosis and stroke risk, thus, may warrant A/C in pts with positive anti-phospholipid ABs
68
Livedo reticularis can be seen in:
SLE, primary anti-phospholipid sy, atheromatous emboli sy, PAN
69
Skin lesions in reactive arthritis
Keratodermia blenorrhagicum Circinate balanitis - hyperkeratotic lesions on penis Keratodermia Nail changes resembling psoriasis
70
Seroderma renal crisis Tx
ACEI
71
Fibromyalgia
Young women with - sleep disturbance - soft tissue aches/tender points - ache worse in the am
72
Constrictive pericarditis clinical picture
Elevated JVP, as cites, pericardial knock, Kussmaul sign (paradoxical rise of JVP in inspiration), hepatosplenomegaly

ACP (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions