gingo report topic Flashcards
(32 cards)
understood through the lens of the present, as modern concerns, understanding and attitudes help us “invent the past,
history
modern world makes little sense without some understanding of the momentous events that have shaped world ____
history
[approaches to history]
history tends to have an enduring character; similarities between historical eras are always more substantial than the differences; History, if you like, does not ‘move
forward’; rather, it repeats itself, endlessly (human nature, self-interested political units)
realist view
[approaches to history]
characterized by a belief in progress: history marches forwards as human
society achieves higher and higher levels of advancement; has utopian dimension, in that it
emphasizes the possibility of ‘perpetual peace’ (Kant)
liberal view
[approaches to history]
most influential critical approaches to history have developed out of
Marxism (Marxist theory of history: often portrayed as ‘historical materialism – emphasizes
that the primary driving forces in history are material or economic factors); history moves
forwards from one ‘mode of production’ to the next
critical views
located between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates (Iraq)
mesopotamia
the cradle of civilization
mesopotamia
3 major civilizations arising in Mesopotamia from around 3500 to 1500 BCE
Sumerian
Babylonian
Assyrian
along the course of the Nile which endured for around 3 and a half thousand
years, only ending with the rise of the Roman Empire.
Ancient Egypt
2 key features of these early civilizations
Agriculture
Development of writing
earliest civilization in South Asia; what is now Pakistan
Indus River valley
stretched across the plains from the Indus to the Ganges; extending
from modern-day Afghanistan to Bangladesh
Ancient India
Began around 500 BCE with the birth of the ‘golden age’ of classical Hindu culture as
reflected in Sanskrit literature
Ancient India
period dating from around 1000 BCE; emergence of various civilizations in
the area of the Mediterranean Sea
Classical Antiquity
classical antiquity is the growth of ___ and the spread of ____ culture.
Etruscan culture; Phoenician maritime trading
viewed as the foundational culture of western civilization; developed
through the extension of Greek settlements throughout the eastern Mediterranean.
Ancient Greece
In ancient greece colonies are being formed in ____
Asia Minor and Southern parts of the Balkans
flourished once the Roman monarch was overthrown in 509 BCE, creating
an oligarchic republic that developed into a vast empire
Ancient Rome
ancient rome is extended from ____ across ___
eastern mediterranean across north africa and most of EU
the most significant primitive nomadic people who emerged from the
depths of Asia to create an empire of unequal scope and range.
Mongols
the mongols is stretched from
Stretched from the eastern frontiers of Germany and from the Arctic Ocean to Turkey and the Persian Gulf.
Modernization came to be synonymous with
westernization
process through which societies become modern or developed
which usually implies economic advancement, technological development, and
the rational organization of political and social life.
modernization
first ships that set out to discover the new world
Portuguese ships
