GIT

Question 1

Drugs to be avoided in Dysphagia

Answer 1

Doxycycline, CCB, steroids, NSAIDs

Question 2

DOC for Dypepsia

Answer 2

Omeprazole 4 weeks

Question 3

Triple therapy for H pylori

Answer 3

Clarithromycin 500mg + Amoxicillin 500 mg BD+Omeprazole 20 mg OD

Question 4

What is functional heartburn?

Answer 4

Symptoms of heartburn without evidence of abnormal acid exposure

Question 5

Gold standard test for H.pylori

Answer 5

Urea Breath test

Question 5

What si sequential therapy

Answer 5

Sequential therapy is a two-step, 10-day
program consisting of administration of a PPI with amoxicillin for the first 5 days, followed by triple
therapy that includes a PPI, clarithromycin and tinidazole for another 5 days.

Question 7

Pain better with food

Answer 7

Duodenal Ulcer

Question 8

Features that are concerning for malignancy include:

Answer 8

Short duration
Progression of symptoms
Dysphagia more for solids than liquids
Weight loss
Anaemia

Question 9

causes of Pseudoachalasia

Answer 9

Chagas’ disease
Tumor
DM

Question 10

Gold standard test for achalasia

Answer 10

Manometry

Question 11

Management for Achalasia

Answer 11

young patient - Laparoscopic pneumatic dilatation or balloon dilatation of lower
oesophageal sphincter or surgical myotomy
elderly pt> conservative management by endoscopic injection of botulinum toxin type
A (need to be repeated at intervals of 3 to 12 months)

Question 12

sensation of lump in throat, regurgitation of undigested food , halitosis and weightloss

Answer 12

Zenker’s diverticulum

Question 13

Management for Zenker’s Diverticulum

Answer 13

Myotomy of the cricopharyngeus muscle

Question 14

Investigation of choice for GORD

Answer 14

24Hr ambulatory oesophageal pH monitoring

Question 15

Management for severe GORD

Answer 15

PPi for 4-8 weeks

Question 16

PPI to use in pregnancy

Answer 16

Omeprazole

Question 17

Distal Oesophageal Spasm is treated with

Answer 17

Warm water or Glyceryl trinitrite Spray 400 mg sublingual or tablet 600 mg

Question 18

treatment of Oesophageal candidiasis in HIV patient is

Answer 18

Nystatin 100k units/mL 1 mL orally Q6 10-14 days

Question 19

Viruses causing Viral Oesophagitis

Answer 19

HSV and CMV

Question 20

Treatment of Viral esophagitis

Answer 20

aciclovir 5 mg/kg intravenously, S-hourly until oral therapy is possible

FOLLOVÆD BY
famciclovir 500 mg orally, 12-hourly to complete a 10-day course

Question 21

For Dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus, what is the surveillance period

Answer 21

6-12 months
3-5 years if non-dysplastic

Question 22

Treatment for Barrett’s dysplasia

Answer 22

Endoscopic ablation

Question 23

Carcinoma of the upper third esophagus

Answer 23

Squamous CC

Question 24

Carcinoma of the Distal third

Answer 24

Adenocarcinoma

Question 25

Risk factor for GAstric adenocarcinoma

Answer 25

Atrophic gastrits H.pylori smoking pernicoius anemia

Question 26

BUN/Cr ratio in GI bleed

Answer 26

>30

Question 27

Lower GI bleed is defined as

Answer 27

Distal to the ligament of Treitz

Question 28

Drugs that casue Upper GI bleed

Answer 28

NSAIDS SSRI Anticoagulants Antiplatelet

Question 29

Causes of Lower GI bleed

Answer 29

Hemorrhoids Angiodysplasia Ischemia Diverticulosis polyp Carccinoma IBD/ Ulcer

Question 30

Esophageal Varices results from

Answer 30

Portal Vein Thrombosis Cirrhosis IVC obstruction

Question 31

Hamman's Sign is seen in

Answer 31

Boerhaave's Syndrome complete rupture of the lower thoracic esophagus

Question 32

management of Mallory Weiss Tear

Answer 32

Active bleeding can be treated endoscopically using- Epinephrine injection Coaptive coagulation Band Ligation Hemoclip

Question 33

IOC for meckel's diverticulum

Answer 33

Tc-labelled RBC scan

Question 34

Best diagnostic modality for GI bleed

Answer 34

Triphasic CT Angiogram

Question 34

Disgnostic modality for intermittent bleeding

Answer 34

RBC Scintigraphy is recommended for intermittent bleeding as it allows repeated imaging over a 24 hour period.

Question 35

Fluids used in Lower GI bleeds presentation

Answer 35

isotonic crystalloids 500 ml

Question 35

Dosing for Alcohol abuse

Answer 35

300 mg Thiamine IVI

Question 36

Indication to give Fresh Frozen Plasma

Answer 36

INR 1.5-2 with active bleeding