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Module 3 > GIT > Flashcards

GIT Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the trachea to the oesophagus

A

Left of oesophagus

Oesophagus is medial Dorsal to trachea

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2
Q

How does the oesophagus wiggle

A

Between right side of aortic arch

And left of azygous vein

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3
Q

How does oesophagus enter the cardia

A

Through the oesophagus hiatus in the diaphragm

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4
Q

How would you image the oesophagus

A

Contrast study

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5
Q

Common points of obstruction in oesophagus (3)

A

Hiatus in diaphragm

Thoracic inlet

Over Heart base - wiggle

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6
Q

What is vascular ring anomaly

A

When there is a malformation of blood vessel

Causes narrowing of oesophagus

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7
Q

What are the 2 layers of peritoneum

A

Visceral = organs

Parietal = wall

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8
Q

What organs are in the peritoneum

In retro peritoneum

A

GIT
liver spleen bladder reproductive

Kidney
Adrenal

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9
Q

What is mesentery

A

Same as visceral peritoneum

Surrounds organs

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10
Q

Function of peritoneum (2)

A

Support and structure

Blood nerve and lymphatic

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11
Q

What parts make up greater mesentery

A

Mesoillium

Mesojejunum

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12
Q

What is the mesentery name for the stomach

A

Omentum

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13
Q

What are 2 types of omentum

A

Greater and lesser

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14
Q

Where does the greater omentum attach and what is its appearance

A

To greater curvature
Hangs like curtain

Lacy

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15
Q

What are the sacs that form by the greater omentum called

A

Omental bursa

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16
Q

The omentum is what type of membrane

What is it used for I. Surgery

A

Serous

Prevent infection

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17
Q

Where does lesser omentum attach

A

Lesser curvature to liver

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18
Q

What are 3 veins from GIT that lead to portal vein

A

Splenic vein

Cranial and caudal mesenteric vein

Gastroduodenal vein

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19
Q

What is portosystemic shunting

A

Abnormal connection between systemic circulation and portal vein

Bypasses liver

20
Q

What are the mucosa secretions of each part of the stomach

A

Cardia - mucus

Fundus & body - pepsin & HCl

Pylorus - gastrin & mucus

21
Q

Imaging the stomach

A

Difficult when empty

Ultrasound for stomach wall

22
Q

What is gastric dilation volvus

GDV

A

Stomach twist

Turns around cardia

23
Q

How does canine intestine compare to ruminant

A

Shorter

24
Q

What is similar and different about large and small intestine

A

Same 4 layers of gut wall

SI has villi

Large does not

25
Q

What are the two parts of duodenum

A

Descending and ascending

26
Q

What is the bend I. The duodenum called

A

Caudal flexure

27
Q

What is a key feature of duodenum

A

BRUNNERS GLANDS

At start of duodenum
Because of acid chyme

Bicarbonate rich glands

28
Q

Which part of small intestine is most mobile and absorption

A

Jejunum

29
Q

Histologically how does the Jejunum compare to rest of SI

A

Longer villi

= more absorption

Also note irregular

30
Q

What direction does ileum run

A

Dorsal
Cranial
Right

31
Q

Key feature of ileum

A

Peyers patches

32
Q

What is in large intestine that helps digestion

A

Commensal bacteria

33
Q

What are 3 regions of large intestine

A

Caecum - boreal function in carnivores

Colon

Rectum

34
Q

What can be seen histologically on LI (2)

A

No villi

Goblet cells - lubrication

35
Q

What is the junction called between ileum and caecum

A

Ileocaecocolic junction

36
Q

Caecum joins where

A

At side junction with muscular caecocolic junction

37
Q

Where is colon

What is function

A

Dorsally

Absorb water and electrolytes

38
Q

How does the wall of colon compare with small intestine

A

Thinner
No villi
Lymph nodules

39
Q

How does the colon run

A

Ascending
- right side limited movement short

Transverse
- right to left flexible attachment

Descending
- longest part left side

40
Q

Where is rectum found

A

Dorsally in pelvic canal

41
Q

What is rectum attached to

A

Mesorectum

Pelvic diaphragm

Vagina or urethra

42
Q

What are the 2 sphincter in anus

A

Internal - involuntary

External - voluntary

43
Q

What is the anal canal

A

Invagination of ectoderm

44
Q

Where are animal glands

A

Between anus sphincters

45
Q

What is atresia

A

Failure to develop opening of anus or canal fails to open

46
Q

Oesophagus

Name of muscle that acts as sphincter

A

Cricopharyngeal

Module 3 (12 decks)

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