Git & GitHub

Question 1

What’s a version control system? And how do we classify Git?

Answer 1

A VSC is a way of handling with multiple versions of a document, creating a way of ‘time traveling’ through these versions.

GIT is a distributed version control system.

Question 2

What’s the difference between Git and GitHub?

Answer 2

Github is just a place where we can store our git repositories.

Question 3

How do you configure your git to add your name and email?

Answer 3

git config –system user.name “name of person”

git config –system email@email.com

Question 4

How to initialize a git repo?

Answer 4

on the directory you want to version control:

git init

Question 5

What are the 3 stages a file can be?

Answer 5

1 - untracked
2 - on stage (goes on the next commit)
3 - commited (ready to push)

Question 6

How do you change branches?

Answer 6

git checkout branch_name

or to create and go:

git checkout -b newBranchName

Question 7

How do you list you current branches?

Answer 7

git branch

Question 8

How to delete a branch?

Answer 8

git branch -D

Question 9

How to see how is the status of your repository?

Answer 9

git status

Question 10

How to add a file to the “on stage” state?

Answer 10

git add file

Question 11

How to commit a change to the staged files?

Answer 11

git commit -m “msg of commit”

Question 12

How to upload your changes to your github repo?

Answer 12

git push -u origin master

This pushed your master branch to the remote repo

-u flag sets the upstream so we can use just ‘git push’ after that

Question 13

How to add the URL of the remote repo?

Answer 13

git remote add origin “http/ssh url”

“origin” here is the nickname of our repo

Question 14

How to check the current URL of our remote repo?

Answer 14

git remote -v

Question 15

How to clone a repo?

Answer 15

git clone repo_url

Will create a directory on the pwd that will hold the project cloned

Question 16

How to check the logs of a project? And for a specific file?

Answer 16

git log

specific file:
git log file_name

Question 17

How to see the modifications done in a commit? And how to check just the last commit?

Answer 17

git show commit_hash

If you do just git show you list just the last commited changes.

Question 18

How to remove/rename/move a file on a git repo? Why?

Answer 18

git rm/git mv

We do this because if we do the normal rm/mv way the change will have to be commited to work on the remote repo, this way its done already and the next push will update the remote repo automatically.

And by doing so, if we delete a file we can later recover it.

Question 19

How do you ignore a file/directory to not upload it?

Answer 19

Create a .gitignore file on source folder and add the path to the file/directory you want to ignore. ONE PER LINE!

Like
node_modules/
src/passwords/

Question 20

How to remove from the project a file/folder you added but it should be on gitignore?

Answer 20

Execute
git rm -r –cached file_name

add them to .gitignore

git add .gitignore

git push

Question 21

How to delete a remote branch?

Answer 21

git push origin –delete branchName

Question 22

How to fetch and merge the remote changes to the local project? And if we want to do it separetely?

Answer 22

git pull

sep: git fetch + git merge

Question 23

How to do a good Pull Request? (PR)

Answer 23

1. clone project
2. create your branch
3. make changes
4. git push -u origin yourBranchName
5. On github open the PR and click Compare, making sure you are comparing the master to your branch
6. Add a descriptive title + description
7. Make sure to describe each commit you do after that

Question 24

Should we work on the master branch?

Answer 24

NOOOOO!!!