Glaciated Landscapes: How Do Glaciated Processes Contribute To The Formation Of Glacial Landforms And Landscapes Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is glacial erosion?
The process by which glaciers wear away the landscape through various mechanisms
Define abrasion in the context of glacial erosion.
Occurs when rocks embedded in the glacier rub against bedrock, causing surface wear and producing striations
What is quarrying in glacial erosion?
The process where pieces of bedrock are transported and eroded within valley glaciers
Explain plucking.
When rocks freeze to the glacier and are plucked from the ground, leaving a jagged landscape
What is crushing in glacial erosion?
The scraping and crushing effect of a glacier as it moves, causing erosion of soil and rock
What is basal melting?
The melting of ice under pressure which allows glaciers to slide over a layer of meltwater
Fill in the blank: Water gets into cracks of rocks, freezes, and ________ by around 10%.
expands
What is mass movement in the context of glacial processes?
The sudden movement of large masses down slopes, often due to basal slipping
Define cirques/corries.
Deep rounded hollows that capture snow, steepened by plucking and erosion
What are arêtes?
Ridges that separate two glaciated valleys formed from the erosion of back-to-back corries
What results in the formation of pyramid peaks?
Erosion between three or more corries produces a peak
Describe glacial troughs.
U-shaped valleys formed by the abrasion of v-shaped valleys
What are truncated spurs?
Landforms created when a glacier cuts through interlocking spurs
Define hanging valleys.
Valleys that are left at a higher elevation due to faster erosion of the main valley
What are ribbon lakes?
Lakes formed in hollows created by glacier movements over hard rocks
What are roches moutonnées?
Polished small rocks that remain after glacial scouring
Define knock and lochan.
A scoured lowland with alternating roches moutonnées and small lakes
What is a crag and tail?
A tapered ridge of glacial deposits extended to one side
What is glacial deposition?
The process where sediment, soil, and rocks are added to a landform by glaciers
What are medial moraines?
Formed from two lateral moraines meeting in the middle of a glacier
Define lateral moraines.
Material deposited on the sides of a glacier, forming ridges when ice melts
What are recessional moraines?
Forms at the end of a glacier when it remains stationary for a period of time
Define terminal moraine.
Material deposited at the snout of a glacier on the valley floor
What are drumlins?
Elongated hills formed from glacial deposition beneath a glacier
