glaciation Flashcards
(9 cards)
how is a corrie formed
a corrie is formed when snow collects in a north facing hollow when more snow falls in winter than in summer. this ice compacts ajd turns into a glacier. the glacier moves downhill due to gravity. as it moves it plucks at the landscaper around it (explain). freeze thaw weathering and abrasion also takes place (explain). when the glacier moves from its original spot, a corrie is left over.
how is a u-shaped valley formed
formation of a glacier + when a corrie flows downhill it usually flows through a v-shaped valley which is originally formed by a river. glaciers from small tributary valleys “feed” the main glacier, increasing its power to erode. the glacier then takes part in abrasion, freezethaw weathering, and plucking which widens and deepens the valley walls changing it from a v-shaped valley to a U-shaped valley.
how is a hanging valley formed?
formation of a glacier + vertical erosion in the main glacier is far greater than in tributary valleys that join the main valley. therefore the glaciers in the in the smaller tributary valleys erode downward less so when the glacier melts, the tributary valley is left “hanging” above the U-shaped valley. for example, Greys Mares Tail - Moffat
formation of a ribbon lake?
formation of a glacier + when a glacier moves along its valley, some parts are deepens more than others forming a ribbon lake, this can be done when ice eroded an area of soft rock faster than an area of hard rock on either side of it, once the glacier has melted this depression fills with water forming a ribbon lake OR when the moraine left at a glaciers snout form a dam across a U-shaped valley that then fills with water to create a ribbon lake.
formation of a terminal moraine?
moraine is material transported by the glacier, terminal moraine is found at the front of the glaciers snout if it is stationary. when the glacier reaches lower altitudes it melts and deposits the moraine at its snout which forms a jumbled mess of unsorted materials across the valley floor. this represents the maximum advance of the ice. when the glacier retreats and remains in the retreated position for a number of years jt can form a moraine behind the terminal moraine. this is called resessional moraine.
formation of drumlins?
drumlins are smooth, rounded elongated hills of ground moraine deposits. they are formed when the ice is still moving. the steep “stoss” slope faces upstream and the “lee” slope is more gentle which indicates the direction in which the glacier was moving. the drumlin would’ve been deposited when the glacier was overloaded with sediment. as the glacier lost power. the sediment will have been deposited. they often occur in small groups which is why they are referred to as a “basket of eggs”.
land use conflicts - tourists vs locals PROBLEMS
air pollution from increased vehicles - this can lead to a lower quality of air which can have an affect on local wildlife and locals with problems like asthma
noise pollution - from increased number of people and children ect in small towns. this disturbs locals and wildlife when they are trying to sleep ect
congestion on the roads - this is due to increased traffic due to the number of tourists in cars, this can hold up locals and lead them to be late for work and appointments ect aswell as leads to an issue with finding parking.
formation of an esker?
glacial streams are found under the glaciers. they are loaded with debris carried by meltwater. when the glacier retreats the sediment that had been deposited in the channel forms a linear mound, or hill thag is roughly parallel to the path of the original glacier. these steep sided long, winding ridge that commonly snakes across the landscape are called eskers.
land use conflicts - tourists vs locals - SOLUTIONS
“go lakes” scheme - allows and encourages people to use public transportation. this reduces congestion and air pollution however many people still choose to use their cars and they are more convenient and bus routes aren’t always going where they need them to go.
bus timestables with tourist leaflets - this meant that tourists know exactly what bus to get and their routes ect. however many prefer the practicality and comfort of their own cars.
park & ride - this mean that tourists can park on the outskirts of town and get public transport to wherever they need to go. this is cheap and affordable however the public transport doesn’t always go exactly where you need it.
