Glaciation

Question 1

Terminal Moraine

Answer 1

Is found at the front of the glacier. It is made up of material that is pushed ahead to the glacier. It marks the end point of a glacier

Question 2

Medial Moraine

Answer 2

It is found in the middle of a glacier when two glaciers combine. Their two lateral moraines join together

Question 3

Recessional Moraine

Answer 3

Marks a temporary stop in the retreat of a glacier

Question 4

Lateral Moraine

Answer 4

It is found at the side of a glacier. It is made of broken rock and soil that fell down the mountain and gathered at the base. This is super glacial material

Question 5

Outwash plain

Answer 5

It is a low flat area composed of sand or gravel deposits found in front of a terminal moraine.

Question 6

Esker

Answer 6

A long narrow ridge of sand or gravel

Question 7

Erratic

Answer 7

A large boulder deposited by a glacier, in an area where the rock type is different.

Question 8

Drumlin

Answer 8

An oval-shaped hill made of boulder clay

Question 9

Moraine

Answer 9

The end point of a glacier made of deposited material

Question 10

Cirque/corrie

Answer 10

This is a large hollow on the side of a mountain. It has 3 sides and is the birthplace of a glacier

Question 11

U-shaped valley

Answer 11

U-shaped valley

A v-shaped valley which has been straightened and flattened by a large glacier

Question 12

Tarn

Answer 12

The lake inside a cirque

Question 13

Pyramidal Peak

Answer 13

This is a steep-sided pyramid-shaped mountain that was eroded on all sides by many cirques.

Question 14

Arête

Answer 14

This is a narrow, steep-sided ridge, usually between 2 cirques

Question 15

Paternoster lakes

Answer 15

When a long narrow lake occupies the floor of a glaciated valley, it is callled a ribbon lake, when a few ribbon lakes are linked, they are called

Question 16

Truncated Spur

Answer 16

This was originally an interlocking spur that was eroded, having its ‘head’ cut off as the glacier moved through the valley.

Question 17

Hanging Valley

Answer 17

This is a small tributary valley that hangs above the main glaciated valley

Question 18

Fjord

Answer 18

A U-shaped valley found under the sea

Question 19

Plucking

Answer 19

When ice moves it causes friction between the ice and ground below. Friction generates heat which causes the ice to melt and re freeze around the rocks on the base of the glacier. When the glacier moves it ‘plucks’ the rocks out of the ground.

Question 20

Abrasion

Answer 20

Plucked rocks get embedded in the base of the glacier. As it moves the rocks abrade (scrape&smooth) the surface over which they pass.

Question 21

Average length of an interglacial period

Answer 21

100,000 years