Glaciers and Mass Movement

Question 1

What are glaciers?

Answer 1

Thick masses of ice that form over thousands of years

Question 2

What are the two types of glaciers?

Answer 2

Valley Glaciers and Ice Sheets

Question 3

What are Valley Glaciers?

Answer 3

Ice that flows down mountain valleys at high latitude

Example: Alaska

Question 4

What are ice sheets?

Answer 4

Ice that covers a large region where the climate is extremely cold

Example: Antartica

Question 5

What is an iceberg?

Answer 5

A large piece of floating ice usually broken off from a glacier

Question 6

What is an ice age?

Answer 6

A long period of very cold climate conditions

Question 7

In what two ways do glaciers erode?

Answer 7

Plucking and Abrasion

Question 8

What is plucking?

Answer 8

When frost action loosens blocks of rock and glacier then lifts them away

Question 9

What is abrasion?

Answer 9

When the ice slides over the rocks like sandpaper

Question 10

What are striation?

Answer 10

Scratches left on the bedrock as the glacier moves over it

Question 11

Deposition due to glaciers is usually…

Answer 11

Unsorted/random and has angular sediments

Question 12

In what order do glaciers deposit sediment?

Answer 12

They drops the sediments in the reverse order to which they were picked up

Question 13

How are U shaped valleys formed?

Answer 13

Ice carves a wide valley pushing everything in its way and when the glacier melts it leaves behind a U shaped valley.

Question 14

What type of a valley does a glacier leave? What type of valley does a river leave?

Answer 14

A glacier leaves behind a U shaped values and rivers leave a V shaped values

Question 15

What is till?

Answer 15

Unsorted sediments left behind from a glacier

Question 16

What is a moraine?

Answer 16

Ridges of till

Question 17

What is a drumlin?

Answer 17

An oval shaped mound of hill

Question 18

How does a drumlin reveal which direction the glacier moved?

Answer 18

Whatever direction the pointy side of drumlin is facing is the direction the glacier moved

Question 19

What is a glacial lake?

Answer 19

A lake formed when the glacier begins to melt

Question 20

What is a kettle lake?

Answer 20

A small lake formed when a chunk of ice becomes dislodged and then melts

Question 21

What is a glacial erratic?

Answer 21

A large boulder dropped by melting ice

Question 22

What was Long Island formed by?

Answer 22

Long Island was formed by glaciers

Question 23

What split Long Island into the North and South shores?

Answer 23

Two moraines

Question 24

What are the difference between glaciers and rivers?

Answer 24

Rivers-
U shaped valleys
Unsorted-random angular fragments

Streams-
V shaped valley
Sorted from large (on bottom) to small (on top)
Rounded fragments

Question 25

What is mast movement?

Answer 25

The movement of loose materials down slope under the influence of gravity

Question 26

What are some parts of gravity/glaciers?

Answer 26

-not sorted -angular -not layered -opposite of water

Question 27

What is talus?

Answer 27

Rock fragments that have been weathered from a cliff and pulled down by gravity. They come from piles at the base of the slope.

Question 28

What are the six types of Mass movement?

Answer 28

Creep, landslides, slump, mudflow, earth flow, and avalanche

Question 29

What is creep?

Answer 29

The unseen movement of soil down slope and is unseen.

Question 30

Where is creep only noticiable?

Answer 30

It’s only noticeable by fences, poles, trees that lean down hill

Question 31

What are landslides?

Answer 31

The sudden movement of a mass of bedrock or loose rock that is triggered by earthquakes or addition of large amounts of water (makes it easier for materials to flow).

Question 32

What is slump?

Answer 32

Small blocks of land that move downhill along curved surfaces and occurs when the slope is too steep and the bottom of the slope cannot support the top. Movement makes the slope stable.

Question 33

What is mudflow?

Answer 33

The rapid movement of water that can carry large amounts of sediments (suspended clay and silt). They can travel at 60+ mph that can move rocks, boulders, and houses

Question 34

What is earth flow?

Answer 34

A mass of material that has been saturated with water a flows down hill

Question 35

What is an avalanche?

Answer 35

A landslide composed of masses of ice, snow, soil, and rock (large scale mass movement)