glands

Question 1

Hypothalamus

Answer 1

Releases: Releasing hormones (e.g. TRH, CRH, GnRH)

Location: Base of the brain, above the pituitary gland

Function: Controls the pituitary gland; links the nervous and endocrine systems.

Question 2

Pituitary Gland (Master Gland)

Answer 2

Main Hormone: Growth Hormone (GH)

Location: Base of the brain, below the hypothalamus

Function: Regulates other endocrine glands.

Question 3

Pineal Gland

Answer 3

Main Hormone: Melatonin

Location: Deep in the center of the brain, between the two hemispheres

Function: Regulates sleep-wake cycles (circadian rhythm).

Question 4

Thyroid Gland

Answer 4

Main Hormone: Thyroxine (T4)

Location: Front of the neck, below the larynx

Function: Regulates metabolism, growth, and calcium levels.

Question 5

Parathyroid Glands

Answer 5

Main Hormone: Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Location: Behind the thyroid gland (usually 4 small glands)

Function: Regulates blood calcium levels.

Question 6

Adrenal Glands

Answer 6

Main Hormone: Cortisol

Location: On top of each kidney

Function: Respond to stress, regulate metabolism, blood pressure, and salt balance.

Question 7

Pancreas (also part of the digestive system)

Answer 7

Main Hormone: Insulin

Location: Behind the stomach

Function: Regulates blood glucose levels.

Question 8

Ovaries (female)

Answer 8

Main Hormone: Estrogen

Location: Lower abdomen, one on each side of the uterus

Function: Regulate female reproductive cycle and secondary sex characteristics.

Question 9

Testes (male)

Answer 9

Main Hormone: Testosterone

Location: In the scrotum

Function: Regulate sperm production and male secondary sex characteristics.