Glass

Question 1

a type of glass formed by volcanoes; used as a cutting tool.

Answer 1

obsidian

Question 2

This hard material is made by melting sand, lime (calcium oxide), and sodium oxide at very high temperatures.

Answer 2

Glass

Question 3

This type of glass contains sodium carbonate and calcium oxide; melt at lower temperature; inexpensive and strong

Answer 3

Soda-lime glass

Question 4

Because glass is this, glass molecules can slip around each other; Atoms are arranged in a random fashion in this;

Answer 4

Amorphous solid

Question 5

This type of glass has boron oxide added to make it more heat resistant; Pyrex; used in cookware, thermometers, auto headlights…etc;

Answer 5

Borosilicate glass

Question 6

This type of glass is cooled on molten tin; very flat and used for windows and pictures

Answer 6

Float glass

Question 7

What are fine glassware and decorative art glass called

Answer 7

leaded glass or crystal

Question 8

What makes the glass denser and shiner

Answer 8

lead oxide

Question 9

(T/F) Each type of glass has a density that is specific to that glass

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What is the formula to calculate density?

Answer 10

D=m/v; m=mass of a substance, v=volume

Question 11

give me one unit for density

Answer 11

g/mL

Question 12

What is the change in the direction of light as it speeds up or slows down when moving from one medium into another?

Answer 12

Refraction

Question 13

What tool is used to study how light bends as it passes through one substance and into another?

Answer 13

refractive index

Question 14

How is the refractive index of a substance calculated?

Answer 14

dividing the speed of light in a vacuum by the speed of light through that particular substance.

Question 15

If the density of the medium increases, what happens to the speed of light passing through that material?

Answer 15

decreases

Question 16

What is the “normal” when we are talking about light beams?

Answer 16

a line perpendicular to the surface where the two different medium meet.

Question 17

What is the light passing through the first medium? and its angle?

Answer 17

incident ray, angle of incidence

Question 18

what is the light that passes through the second medium? and its angle?

Answer 18

refracted ray, angle of refraction

Question 19

What is the Snell’s law

Answer 19

n1(sine angle1) = n2(sine angle2); n1=the refractive index of medium 1

Question 20

What method involves placing the glass fragments into different liquids of known refractive indexes?

Answer 20

The submersion method

Question 21

If a piece of glass and liquid have the same refractive index, what will happen?

Answer 21

The glass fragments will seem to disappear.

Question 22

What appears when the refracted light becomes concentrated around the edges of the glass fragment? What kind of shape does it have?

Answer 22

Becke line; halo-like ring

Question 23

If the refractive index of the glass is higher than the refractive index of the surrounding liquid, where is Becke line located?

Answer 23

Inside the perimeter of the glass

Question 24

If the refractive index of the surrounding medium is higher than the refractive index of the glass, where is the Becke line located?

Answer 24

on the outside of the perimeter of the glass fragment.

Question 25

What is the name of fracture patterns formed on the surface when glass breaks?

Answer 25

Primary radial fractures

Question 26

What fractures form on the side opposite to the point of impact?

Answer 26

Radial fractures

Question 27

What fractures are the secondary?

Answer 27

concentric circles

Question 28

What fractures take the form of concentric circles around the point of impact?

Answer 28

concentric circle fractures

Question 29

What fractures form on the same side of the glass as the point of impact?

Answer 29

concentric circle fractures

Question 30

What fractures are formed on the opposite side of the glass that are impacted?

Answer 30

Radial fracture

Question 31

What fractures are formed on the same side as the impact or force on the glass?

Answer 31

Concentric fractures

Question 32

If the shot originated at an angle coming from the right, which way will glass pieces be forced out?, leaving an irregular oval hole to the what side?

Answer 32

Left

Question 33

What characteristics will a high-speed bullet fired from a great distance often exhibit?

Answer 33

characteristics of a slower-speed bullet fried from a closer range.

Question 34

What glass is a combination of two or more types of glass, one hard and one soft?

Answer 34

Bulletproof glass

Question 35

(Hard or Soft?) layer makes the glass more elastic, so it can flex instead of shatter.

Answer 35

Softer

Question 36

known as safety glass, used for windshield glass.

Answer 36

Tempered glass

Question 37

What kind of glass cracks but not break apart; break into small, nearly cubic pieces?

Answer 37

Tempered glass

Question 38

When a window breaks, what fragments projected backward because glass shatters, fragments collide and tumble in various directions?

Answer 38

Backscatter

Question 39

When will wavy fracture lines develop in glass?

Answer 39

when glass is exposed to high heat.

Question 40

When will glass leave no radial or concentric circle fracture patterns?

Answer 40

Heat fracturing