Glaucoma Treatment Flashcards
(21 cards)
True or false: glaucoma is usually associated with increased aqueous production.
False; it is usually associated with decreased aqueous outflow.
Which classes of glaucoma drugs are used to decrease aqueous production?
Adrenergic antagonists (beta blockers, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
Timolol, betaxolol, levobunolol, metipranolol, and carteolol are all beta blockers that can be used to treat glaucoma. Which of these is the gold standard, and is used in many combination glaucoma meds?
Timolol
Timolol, betaxolol, levobunolol, metipranolol, and carteolol are all beta blockers that can be used to treat glaucoma. Which of these is the beta1 selective?
Betaxolol
Which beta blocker has the most sting/burn?
Betoptic (betaxolol)
Which beta blocker has the longest half life?
Levobunolol
Which beta blocker crosses the BBB less and so causes less depression?
Carteolol
Which beta blocker has the least sting/burn?
Carteolol
Beta blockers decrease IOP by what amount? What is their typical dosage?
IOP decrease 22-33%
Dosage is bid usually, though qd may be enough.
Topical CAIs for glaucoma decrease IOP by about how much? What is their typical dosage?
IOP decrease 15-20%; dosage is bid-tid
When would you consider using a systemic CAI for glaucoma?
In an emergency situation (IOP over 40mmHg)
Which classes of glaucoma drugs are used to increase aqueous outflow?
Adrenergic agonists, cholinergic agonists, prostaglandins, docosanoid, and hyperosmotics.
Dipivefrin, apraclonidine, and brimonidine are adrenergic agonists for glaucoma treatment. Which of these meds features a slight IOP elevation prior to the IOP decrease?
Dipivefrin
Dipivefrin, apraclonidine, and brimonidine are adrenergic agonists for glaucoma treatment. Which of these meds is typically used for post laser surgery?
Apraclonidine
Dipivefrin, apraclonidine, and brimonidine are adrenergic agonists for glaucoma treatment. Which of these meds has a safe systemic profile?
Brimonidine
Combigan and simbrinza are both combination glaucoma medications. Which meds are in each of these?
Combigan: brimonidine + timolol
Simbrinza: brinzolamide + brimonidine
Latanoprost, travaprost,bimatoprost, and tafluprost are all prostaglandins for glaucoma treatment. Which of these is usually the first choice?
Latanoprost.
Latanoprost, travaprost,bimatoprost, and tafluprost are all prostaglandins for glaucoma treatment. Which of these may be the most effective single drop? Hint: this medication is also known as Latisse.
Bimatoprost
Latanoprost, travaprost,bimatoprost, and tafluprost are all prostaglandins for glaucoma treatment. Which of these is preservative free?
Tafluprost
Uniprostone possibly works through TM outflow. How does this compare with the other glaucoma meds that affect aqueous outflow?
The others work by increasing uveoscleral outflow.
What are some of the hyperosmotics used for emergency situations?
Glycerol, isosorbide, mannitol, urea.
