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GLGY 307 > GLGY 307 Final - old > Flashcards

GLGY 307 Final - old Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Galleries dug up in the sea floor by worms are not considered _____________.

A

B & C
Body fossils and chemical fossils

(Those dug up were trace fossils)

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2
Q

Which of the fossils in the pictures above is a trace fossil?

A

e. None

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3
Q

The tree trunk is the picture above was preserved through _______.

A

e. Perimineralization

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4
Q

In the process of fossilization through carbonization only carbon remains from the original dead body of an organism at a temperature of _______.

A

225 C

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5
Q

__________ is the most frequent process of fossilization in the case of higher plants

A

Carbonization

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6
Q

A bone fragment, which was collected from a layer with an age of 55 million years, is considered _______.

A

Fossil

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7
Q

A bivalve fragment consisting of pyrite was formed through this process of fossilization.

A

Replacement

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8
Q

Paleontology-related science that studies the fossil distribution in space and time.

A

Biostratigraphy

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9
Q

A rock that has clasts in its mass is a ____________ rock.

A

Detrital

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10
Q

The representatives of this kingdom consist mostly of single-celled organisms with well-defined nucleus within the cytoplasm

A

Protista

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11
Q

Oldest fossils on Earth belong to this kingdom.

A

Bacteria

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12
Q

Most diverse metabolic strategies are known in the representatives of this kingdom

A

Bacteria

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13
Q

The study of fossils from the picture above (coral) is the topic of study of this branch of paleontology

A

Invertebrate paleontology

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14
Q

This process is not past of the clastic rock formation cycle

A

Metamorphism

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15
Q

Most of the fossils in metamorphic rocks occur in ______.

A

Slates

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16
Q

The main condition for an organism to fossilize is ________________.

A

Rapid burial

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17
Q

Dehydration is also known as _______.

A

Mummification

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18
Q

________ is the fundamental level of organization of the living world in the Linnean classification.

A

Species

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19
Q

________________ is the youngest eon in the Earth history

A

Phanerozoic

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20
Q

The youngest period of the Mesozoic Era is _______.

A

Cretaceous

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21
Q

The oldest fossils on Earth are known from the rocks assigned to this eon.

A

Archean

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22
Q

_______________ is the oldest period of the Paleozoic.

A

None of the above

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23
Q

______________________ is the period between Ordovician and Devonian.

A

Silurian

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24
Q

The most severe crisis in the history of life corresponds to the boundary between these periods (in
stratigraphical order).

A

Permian/Triassic

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25
Stromatolites consist of the representatives of the kingdom(s) ____________.
Bacteria
26
___________ is the largest component of a diatom frustule.
Epitheca
27
Diatom frustule is of __________ nature.
Siliceous
28
Coccolithophorids lived in the geologic past in these environments.
Marine waters
29
Which of the specimens in the figure above is a radiolarian?
B (Triradial speciman)
30
____________ are the colonial representatives of the lophophorates.
Bryozoans
31
Which of the fossils in the figure above is a lophophorate?
C - clam like
32
Group of molluscs with endoskeleton.
Belemnites
33
Which of the fossils in the illustration below belongs/belong to the coccolithophoridsgroup?
D. 4 and 1
34
The fossil in the illustration below is a _________________.
Trilobite
35
Which process or set of processes is/are not part of the lithification?
Deposition
36
The initial rock that is subject of the metamorphic processes is often referred to as ___________.
Protolith
37
Fossils that are much older than the sediment or rock in which they are found are known as ___________
Reworked fossils
38
_____________ symmetry is the dominant one in the modern and evolved echinoderms.
Pentameral
39
Classification level situated between those of order and infraorder.
Suborder
40
Reefs form only ______________.
Below the lowest tide level
41
Persistence of the carbon-based composition of the life forms on Earth is demonstrated by the constancy in the elemental composition of _____________
Petroleum
42
Initiation of the solar wind, which removed the lighter gases from the Earth’s primordial atmosphere, was determined by the _____________.
Sun ignition
43
Primordial atmosphere of the Earth had a ___________ character
Reducing
44
The concept of ‘primordial soup’ was given by _____________.
A.I. Oparin
45
What substance was not considered in the experiment of Miller and Urey of 1953 amongst those forming the early atmosphere of the Earth?
Cellulose
46
Polysaccharide polymers are also known as ___________.
Carbohydrates
47
The traces of organic matter of the Isua Formation (Isua Supercrustal Group) are preserved as ___________.
Graphite
48
Existence of oceans early in the Earth’s history (circa 4.4 billion years ago) was documented by the occurrences of this mineral.
Zircon
49
What of the ages below approximates best the age of the catastrophic meteorite bombardment on Earth?
4.0 billion years
50
Vestiges of the catastrophic meteorite bombardment from the early history of the Solar System occur _____________.
At the surface of the moon
51
Most of the fossils of the Apex Chert are _______________.
Cyanobacteria
52
_____________ was the first scientific name given to stromatolites.
Crytozoans
53
The age of the Gunflint Formation of Canada (southern Ontario), where the prokaryote diversification was documented for the first time, is _______________.
Paleoproterozoic
54
The drastic numerical reduction of the stromatolites, which is reflected in the global to patchy distribution pattern, happened in the _____________.
Cambrian
55
The shift in the Earth’s atmosphere character from reducing to oxidizing determined considerable accumulations of ______________ in the proximity of the Archaean/Proterozoic boundary.
Banded iron formations
56
Proterozoic occurrences of eukaryotes were for the first time documented in the ______________.
Bitter springs formation
57
_____________ and _______________ are two genera that provided the compelling evidence of eukaryotes below the Proterozoic/Phanerozoic boundary.
Eotetrahedrion, Glenobothrydion.
58
____________ is the oldest multicellular organism on Earth.
Bangiomorpha
59
The age of the oldest multicellular animals on Earth is _____________.
Cryogenian
60
Doushantuo Formation of China yielded the oldest known_____________.
Fossilized animal embryo
61
The occurrences of the oldest multicellular animals are reported from _____________.
Southern Africa
62
The symmetry of Charnia is _____________.
Bilateral
63
Ediacaran occurs in the uppermost portion of the _____________ eon.
Proterozoic
64
Ediacaran organism considered the oldest known mollusc.
Kimbrella
65
Charnia has considerable morphological resemblances with these modern organisms
Sea pens
66
______________ is the mode of life inferred for Spriggina.
Nektic
67
In the case of Spriggina, the process of cephalization is demonstrated by the occurrence of a _____________.
Cephalic shield
68
Ediacaran organism that demonstrates the evolution of a body internal cavity
Kimbrella
69
The first shelly fauna occurs in this Lower Cambrian stage.
Tommotian
70
The oldest known invertebrate with exoskeleton is __________.
Cloudina
71
The chemical/mineralogical composition of the earliest shelly fauna is best described as _________.
Mixed
72
Oldest trace fossils left at the bottom of the sea by worm-like organisms occur in the _____________.
Ediacara
73
________________ are the first invertebrates in the history of life on Earth that built reefs.
Archaeocyathids
74
The Precambrian/Cambrian boundary is defined with the first occurrence of an organism that is a _____________.
Trace fossil
75
One of the radial and longitudinal walls that subdivide the intervalum of an archaeocyathid is referred to as _____________.
Septum

GLGY 307 (1 decks)

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