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1
Q

How much taller on average is a South Korean than a North Korean

A

Around 6 cm

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2
Q

How much has absolute poverty decreased

A

From 1.9 billion in 1980 to 836 million in 2015

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3
Q

How has absolute poverty in China decreased

A

I’m 1980, 84% of people lived in extreme poverty, compared to just 12% in 2012

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4
Q

What is evidence of the race to the bottom

A

Bangladesh, over 1000 people died in a factory collapsing in 2013

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5
Q

Example of how Human rights have been enforced

A

In 2000, terrorism act in uk was deemed against the ECHR, and the law was promptly changed

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6
Q

How has globalisation helped protect human rights

A

The easier spread of information has allowed human rights abuses to be spread more easily, allowing groups like amnesty to thrive

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7
Q

How has international law failed to advocate human rights

A

Russia, China and USA are not members of ICC

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8
Q

What is an example of worker exploitation?

A

Work was so intense at Foxconn factories that there were many suicides linked to their factories in China

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9
Q

How much damage to the environment has been caused by TNCs

A

Around 2.2 billion dollars each year according to UN

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10
Q

How much did global trade fall in gfc

A

Around 9%

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11
Q

how has the UN facilitated responses to humanitarian crises?

A

They issued resolution 688, which condemned Husseins actions against the Kurdish and gave The US, The UK and France the mandate to establish a no fly zone over Iraq

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12
Q

How many troops did NATO deploy in Bosnia 1995 to rebuild the nation and establish order?

A

60,000

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13
Q

How has the UN facilitated economic projects

A

They provided a forum to discuss and progress the MDGs

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14
Q

How has the UN helped climate change?

A

The Kyoto protocol was a UN treaty

The UNFCCC established a framework for countries to follow

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15
Q

Example of where the UN has failed to protect human rights

A

Even though a UN resolution was passed to disarm Syria of its chemical weapons, barrel bombing using toxic chemicals continued

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16
Q

How else does the UNGA help economic issues?

A

The UNGA committees look into specifics of issues. The UNGA adopted the economic and financial committee’s recommendations in development cooperation with middle income countries in 2015

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17
Q

How much was the IMF package to Greece

A

Around £100 billion

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18
Q

What was the anti austerity party in Greece called?

A

SYRIZA

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19
Q

How many industries were privatised in Pakistan

A

The airline industry and 67 other state owned industries

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20
Q

How much does the US contribute to the IMF

A

Around 20% of all the funds

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21
Q

How much did the IMF provide in response to the GFC

A

Around $700 billion worth of loans

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22
Q

How much does the world bank allocate annually to reconstruction and development of poorer countries

A

About $20 billion annually

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23
Q

How much did the world bank provide to Ghana in 2017

A

Around $700 million to develop off shore gas extraction

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24
Q

How much has the world bank provided to Afghanistan since 2002

A

About $3.3 billion worth of no interest loans and grants

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25
How much voting power does the US hold in relation to the rest in the world bank
The US holds 16% whereas no one else holds more than 8%
26
How different is the funding from the world bank compared to the private sector?
In 2011, the world bank provided $8 billion, compared to the private sector who produced $900 billion in the same year
27
How many tariffs did the GATT 1947 remove and how much did it impact on trade
It led to the removal of 45,000 tariffs and impacted on $10 billion worth of trade
28
How has the WTO regulated trade
I have of the Kennedy round in the 60s was aimed at developing rules such as making dumping illegal
29
How has the WTO failed in recent years
They have failed to sign a comprehensive trade deal since 2001, effectively abandoning the Doha round in 2015
30
What was the g20 summit that responded to the 2008 crisis
2008 London summit, states agreed to cooperate a response by injecting capital into their banking systems
31
Who attended the G20 Hangzhou summit 2016
Representatives from the IMF, OECD, World Bank, WTO, UN and the EU
32
What happened at the G20 2009 in London
Anti-capitalist protests that ended in 1 fatality
33
What was agreed at the 2007 G7 UK summit
Cancellation of debt for poorer countries
34
What is a benefit of the G7s members
There are very few of them and they are fairly similar countries so they can agree easier
35
What is evidence of the G7 being an exclusive rich club
They kicked out Russia in 2014, instead of having them at the negotiating table
36
What is evidence of the G7s flexible agenda
In 2021, they discussed responses to covid in Cornwall, aiming to vaccinate poorer countries
37
What is a criticism of G7s agenda
In 2013, they discussed responses to Syria, but this led criticisms from people who say they are more focused on responding rather than preventing
38
What are the benefits of the MDGs
- 83% of kids enrolled in primary schools in 2000, 91% in 2015 - Child mortality reduced by a half from 1990 to 2015
39
How has the MDGs not responded to inequality
Inequality is growing for more than 70% of the worlds population
40
How much do the US and China emit together
About 40% of the worlds pollution
41
How many deaths in China per year by pollution?
Around 500,000
42
Who is responsible for 2/3rds of the historic emissions
China, Russia, the EU, Japan and the USA
43
What is a positive of the UNFCCC
194 states have ratified the framework
44
What is a criticism of the UNFCCC
It places too little onus on developing states, who’s emissions will rise as they industrialise
45
How many members does the IPCC have
195
46
What is a positive of the IPCC
It published reports and influences state policy by providing expertise and irrefutable evidence
47
What is a criticism of the IPCC
Reports are published every 6-7 years, allowing for them to be easily outdated
48
Which SDG focuses on climate change
SDG 13 - focuses on ‘taking urgent action to tackle climate change and it’s harmful impacts
49
What summit identified the problem and agreed the need for collective action?
Stockholm conference - agreed on 26 key principles | Rio earth summit - agreed on the UNFCCC
50
Which summits more specifically agreed on specific action and making collective action a reality
Kyoto 1997 - first ever legally binding targets to reduce emissions Paris Summit 2015 - an agreement to keep global temperature increase well below 2 degrees
51
Negative of the Stockholm conference
It didn’t focus on a common policy, one of the principles was that ‘each state should develop its own standards’
52
What was a positive of the Montreal protocol
Banned chlorofluorocarbons and other chemicals whose emissions harmed the ozone layer 197 ratified this
53
Why did Montreal succeed
Because the states did not feel that their economic interests would be harmed through ratifying and implementing the treaty
54
What was a negative of the Rio earth summit
There was little specific actions agreed
55
Why was Montreal a failure?
- 100 developing states, includes China, Brazil and South Africa were granted exemptions - the USA rejected it because of this
56
What was a positive and negative of Copenhagen
- Agreed there was a need to need for cooperation to limit temperature increases to 2 degrees through a climate fund - however it did not include any legally binding targets
57
What is a negative of the Paris summit
Trump was able to withdraw
58
Who was convicted in the Tutsi genocide?
Jean Kambanda - head of state
59
Who has been convicted by the ICC
2016- Jean Pierre Bemba former Vice President of DRC
60
What is a criticism of the ICJ
- Cant handle complicated cases like Israel Palestine | - not everyone signed up to the optional clause, only around 75/193 states
61
What is a criticism of the ICC
- Has an African bias - Russia, China, USA not members - requires states to cooperate - Kenyatta was refused by the Kenyans to be handed over
62
Criticism of international tribunals
- neo colonial bias - trial of Charles Taylor was funded by UK and UK imprisoned him
63
Positive of the ECtHR
Very high compliance rate, around 90% including blocking the deportation of Abu Qatada
64
What is a weakness of the ECtHR
- state sovereignty - Russia in 2015 passed laws asserting the precedence of domestic law
65
Example of weak enforcement of ICJ
ICJ ruled Japan should stop whaling, however they carried on
66
What are the 5 factors of successful humanitarian intervention
``` Feasibility State building International support Legitimate government Ending violence ```
67
Where has feasibility (understanding) led to success
- Ivory Coast - removing Gbagbo to re establish democracy
68
Where has lack of feasibility led to a lack of success?
- Somalia 1992 - America went in with intentions for an aid mission, when it really needed a military intervention - Afghanistan - lack of understanding of culture and the power the tribes had
69
Where has international support led to success
East Timor - UN backed Australian forces able to take on a much stronger position
70
Where has a lack of international support led to failure
Rwanda - international community had little interest in preventing genocide
71
When has the intervention been successful through ending violence
Sierra Leone - British forces extended their mission to disarm RUF and gangs
72
When has failure to end violence been present
Afghanistan - there was no conflict previous to intervention
73
When has nation building been successful
Bosnia and Kosovo - 60,000 NATO troops to rebuilding the nation and keeping the peace
74
When has a lack of nation building led to failure
Libya - NATO overthrew gaddafi without creating conditions for a stable state to flourish - led to a failed state Afghanistan - 1 peacekeeper for every 5000 people, compared to 1 peacekeeper for every 50 in Bosnia and Kosovo
75
When has legitimate government helped success
Ivory Coast - long-standing democracy was present
76
When has a failure to establish a legitimate government led to failure
Libya - Libyan Transitional Council failed to lead fully fledged democracy and was promptly overthrown
77
How many people were displaced by world bank projects
Between 2004 and 2013, 3.4 million people were displaced by projects backed by world bank money

Global Politics (1 decks)

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