Global Change and Animal Behaviour

Question 1

invasive species

Answer 1

non native species that is abundant enough to become a nuisance for humans, or disruptive to host ecosystem

Question 2

why are invasive species on the rise?

Answer 2

human movement is breaking species barriers. shipping and travel creates a network that invasive species move through

Question 3

nile perch

Answer 3

brought over for fishing

people began to settle around the lake as fisheries popped up, leading to deforestation (and then erosion>turbidity>eutrophication)

Question 4

how can turbid water affect speciation?

Answer 4

its harder to see in turbid waters, which causes speciation, since some fish are coloured to be more suitable in clear vs. turbid water. as whole water is turbid, they wander and now theres many hybrids

Question 5

why are invasive species so successful?

Answer 5

generalists
wide tolerance
short generation time
high reproductive capacity
high interspecific aggression
tendency to disperse
gregarious (social)

Question 6

sources of aquatic contamination

Answer 6

urban/domestic sources (road runoff, sewage)
agricultural sources (pesticides, fertilizers, nutrients)
industrial sources (effluents into air and water, direct dumping)

Question 7

chinook salom pesticide exposure

Answer 7

cause behavioural deficits that lead to reduced olfactory dependent behaviour, leading to lower survival due to predation and lower reproductive success

Question 8

birth control pills in experimental lakes area

Answer 8

population decline, due to male feminization, eggs found in testes, and female egg development is altered

Question 9

fish consumption study

Answer 9

those who consumed more lake michigan fish had worse memory and learning scores

Question 10

round goby successful traits

Answer 10

highly aggressive
outcompete native species for resources

Question 11

hamilton harbour fish effects

Answer 11

fish from contaminated sites are smaller and younger, with high contaminant body burdens and feminization. they also have fin erosion, more liver metals, and endocrine disruption.

they are slower and less exploratory, and take longer to win dominance and get shelter.

Question 12

wastewater exposure effects

Answer 12

less aggressive in the lab only, less active. in the lab, reduced survival but not aggression in the lab.

Question 13

which behaviours can change when in contaminated water?

Answer 13

activity, location, disrupted shoaling, increased boldness, increased reaction time, slower startle response, decreased swimming, aggression