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Hx of Nursing > GLOBAL EVOLUTION/HISTORY OF NURSING > Flashcards

GLOBAL EVOLUTION/HISTORY OF NURSING Flashcards

II. APPRENTICE NURSING

1
Q

 Nursing care performed by people who were directed by more
experienced nurses; the beginning of organized nursing

A

apprentice nursing

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2
Q

 On-the-job training performed without any formal education:
attributed to the religious orders of the Christian church.

A

apprentice nursing

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3
Q

 Built hospitals were staffed by religious orders who dedicated their
lives to the care of the patients

A

apprentice nursing

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4
Q

 Organized nursing was found in the military, secular and mendicant
or begging orders

A

apprentice nursing

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5
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

_________ were considered as “Holy Wars “ during which the Christian soldiers fought to re-capture the Holy Land from the Moslems; military religious orders were founded in order to establish hospitals staffed with men who served as nurses for those who were wounded in the war.

A

crusades

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6
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

fought in the battlefield and after every
fight would retire to nurse the wounded.

A

KNIGHTS OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM (Rhodes, Malta)
& Teutonic Knights

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7
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

established their hospitals
primarily for nursing of the lepers

A

KNIGHTS OF SAINT LAZARUS

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8
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

 Founded in 1348
 Established the Alexian Brothers Hospital
School of Nursing in Chicago which was the
largest school of nursing under religious
auspices operated exclusively for men in the
U.S.
 Closed in 1969

A

ALEXIAN BROTHERS

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9
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

 Founded by queens, princesses, and other royal
ladies

A

RELIGIOUS NURSING ORDERS

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10
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

some orders found before the Reformation

A

a. Augustinians
b. Poor Clares
c. Beguines
d. Benedictines
e. Ursulines
f. Tertiaries ( lay people who were affiliates of the
religious ) of St. Francis and of St. Dominic

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11
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

 Where the Augustinian nurses nursed the
patients

A

HOTEL DIEU ( in Paris )

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12
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

 Hospitals then were poorly ventilated,
mattresses were hard and cleaned only 3x a
year, beds were shared by 2 or 3 patients,
laundry was done by nurses, linens were
sometimes washed in the nearby river

A

HOTEL DIEU ( in Paris )

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13
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

 Arose in the12th to 16th centuries

A

NURSING SAINTS

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14
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

  • founder of the 2nd order of St. Francis of Assisi
  • took care of the sick particularly the lepers in
    the convent of San Damiano
A

a. ST. CLARE ( 1194 – 1253 )

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15
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

  • the first to be called the “Lady with a Lamp”
  • nursed patients in the hospital of Santa
A

b. ST. CATHERINE OF SIENNA ( 1347- 1380)

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16
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

13?? – _________struck Sienna

A

BUBONIC PLAGUE

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17
Q

A. THE CRUSADES

who took care of the victims in sienna

A

catherine

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18
Q

B. IMPACT OF SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS

a. RISE OF ORGANIZED CHARITY
a.1.
 Organized the works of charity so as they could have
directions

A

VINCENT DE PAUL

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19
Q

B. IMPACT OF SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS

a. RISE OF ORGANIZED CHARITY
Organized a group of women and then named them
___________

A

LA CHARITE

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20
Q

B. IMPACT OF SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS

Founder of “The Community of the Sisters of Charity”
who were dedicated to serving God in caring for the
sick, the poor, the orphaned, and the widowed

A

a.1. VINCENT DE PAUL

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21
Q

B. IMPACT OF SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS

 Co-foundress and the first superior

A

LOUISE DE GRAS ( nee de MARILLAC )

22
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

-Head of the Reformation
Movement ; initiated some significant changes in
the church and society to counteract some
abuses.

A

Martin Luther

23
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

An era that gave rise to some violent conflicts

A

the reformation

24
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

Contributed to the rise of Protestantism; later, all
Christians, Protestants and Catholics alike and
other Christian denominations served as
volunteers for the care of the sick.

A

the reformation

25
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

 A movement that encouraged a virtuous
Christian life but discouraged violent conflicts;
upheld some of the changes initiated by
Martin Luther

A

THE COUNTER-REFORMATION

26
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

 Virtuous men and women gave examples of a
life of dedicated service to society, including
service to the sick; prominent among these
were St. Ignatius of Loyola, St. Francis of
Assisi, St. Claire of Assisi, St. Catherine of
Sienna, etc.

A

THE COUNTER-REFORMATION

27
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

 Focused on peaceful means of change through
prayers and witnessing to a life of sacrifice

A

THE COUNTER-REFORMATION

28
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

  • Rise of progress in arts and culture but NOT in moral and religious
    values
A

RENAISSANCE (rebirth)

29
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

  • Society was filled with thieves due to social deprivations
A

RENAISSANCE (rebirth)

30
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

  • Care of the sick was entrusted to those who were proven guilty of a crime of theft.
A

RENAISSANCE (rebirth)

31
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

  • Care takers were not given humane facilities like food and quarters, so all the more they got buried into evil deeds like stealing the patients’ foods, accepting bribes, etc. All the above contributed to why the 17th and 19
    th centuries were considered to be the DARK AGE of society ( hence, concurrently, the dark period of Nursing)
A

RENAISSANCE (rebirth)

32
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

Writer who depicted the inhuman situation of the care takers in 1 of his novels entitled MARTIN CHUZZLEWIT, in which 2 characters
SAIREY (Sarah) GAMP and BETZY PRAEG ( PRIG, PROG)
portrayed the roles of such thieves who were given the task of
taking care of the sick as a form of punishment

A

CHARLES DICKENS

33
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

novel title

A

MARTIN CHUZZLEWIT

34
Q

THE REFORMATION AND THE COUNTER REFORMATION

Novel title MARTIN CHUZZLEWIT, in which 2 characters
____________ and _________
portrayed the roles of such thieves who were given the task of
taking care of the sick as a form of punishment

A

SAIREY (Sarah) GAMP and BETZY PRAEG ( PRIG, PROG)

35
Q

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN NURSING

physical and mental illness

A

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN NURSING

36
Q

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN NURSING

Bethlehem hospital in London

A

BEDLAM

37
Q

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN NURSING

  • Tickets were sold to the public to show the insane (showed
    inhuman approach)
     Doctors became convinced of the need for training nurses
     Books were prepared, but those sent for training did not know how
    to read
     Protestant and Catholic groups established nursing orders
A

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN NURSING

38
Q

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN NURSING

  • 1st organized training school for nurses
A

DEACONESS SCHOOL OF NURSING (at Kaiserswerth,
Germany )

39
Q

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN NURSING

  • established by Pastors Theodore Fliedner and his wife Fredericke
    Munster Fliedner in Germany in 1836 and started with only 6
    students.
A

DEACONESS SCHOOL OF NURSING (at Kaiserswerth,
Germany )

40
Q

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN NURSING

  • Noted for 2 firsts:
    a. rotating a 3 year experience in cooking and housekeeping, laundry
    and linen and nursing care in the women’s and men’s wards
    b. preliminary or probationary 3 month period of trial and error for both
    school and student
A

DEACONESS SCHOOL OF NURSING (at Kaiserswerth,
Germany )

41
Q

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN NURSING

It was here that Florence Nightingale received some of her training and the
inspiration for the establishment of her school in nursing

A

DEACONESS SCHOOL OF NURSING (at Kaiserswerth,
Germany )

42
Q

C. NURSING IN THE NEW WORLD

  • First laywoman who worked as a nurse on the North American continent
A

Jeanne Mance

43
Q

C. NURSING IN THE NEW WORLD

  • Founder of the Hotel Dieu of Montreal in October 1644
A

Jeanne Mance

44
Q

C. NURSING IN THE NEW WORLD

 American who founded the Sisters of Charity of Emmetsburg in Maryland in 1809.

a. PRE-CIVIL WAR NURSING

A

Mrs . ELIZABETH SETON

45
Q

C. NURSING IN THE NEW WORLD

 The nurse society of Philadelphia organized a school of nursing
under the direction of Dr. Joseph Warrington in 1839.
 Nurses were trained on the job and attended some courses with the
medical students at the Philadelphia Dispensary

a. PRE-CIVIL WAR NURSING

A

AMERICAN REFORMS IN NURSING

46
Q

C. NURSING IN THE NEW WORLD

 Upon completion of the course, they were given a “Certificate of
Approbation”
 Women’s Hospital in Philadelphia established a 6- month course in
Nursing ( medical surgical nursing, materia medica, dietetics )
 Upon completion, they were given a diploma

a. PRE-CIVIL WAR NURSING

A

AMERICAN REFORMS IN NURSING

47
Q

C. NURSING IN THE NEW WORLD

  • Not a nurse but appointed Superintendent of Female Volunteer nurses to
    take care of the wounded for US government

b. NURSING DURING CIVIL WAR

A

DOROTHEA LYNDE DIX

48
Q

C. NURSING IN THE NEW WORLD

author

b. NURSING DURING CIVIL WAR

A

LOUISA MAY ALCOTT

49
Q

C. NURSING IN THE NEW WORLD

founder of the American Red Cross

b. NURSING DURING CIVIL WAR

A

CLARA BARTON

50
Q

C. NURSING IN THE NEW WORLD

humanitarian

b. NURSING DURING CIVIL WAR

A

MARY ANN BICKERDYKE

Hx of Nursing (4 decks)

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