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Global Food Security Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

Define hunger

A
  • Feeling of discomfort, weakness caused by lack of food

- An uncomfortable feeling that can be painful due to the lack of food

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2
Q

Hidden Hunger

A
  • Lack of micro nutrients

- due to illness, poor diet, age

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3
Q

define food security

A

Exists when all people at all times have access (physical and economical) to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and preferences for an active and healthy life.

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4
Q

Define food insecurity

A

Limited or uncertain availability to nutritionally adequate and safe foods in socially acceptable ways

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5
Q

The Right to Food (Universal Declaration of Human Rights)

A

“Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well being for himself and his family, including food.”

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6
Q

What does the ICESR state?

A

” freedom from hunger.”

  • Regular, permanent, unrestricted access
  • Quantitatively and qualitatively adequate food
  • Corresponds to cultural traditions

Respect, protect and fufill (do no harm, intervene FI, allow ppl to have food)

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7
Q

Importance to the Right of Food

A

Ethinical Issue: human dignity does not equal to chronic hunger
Economical Issue: no food, no energy to work, no working class, declines countries independence.
Political Issue: Hungry people are more likely to argue

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8
Q

4 Dimensions of Food Security

A
  • Availability
  • Accessibility
  • Stability
  • Utilization
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9
Q

Define Stabilization

A

adequate food must be accessible all year round

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10
Q

Define Availability

A

possibility of feeding oneself and ones family through either production or purchase

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11
Q

Define Accessibility

A

Economic accessibility: Financial means to buy food
Physical accessibility: must be accessible to people everywhere, including remote areas
Social accessibility: must not be shunned or attacked, human dignity must not be compromised

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12
Q

Define Utilization

A

How food is used in the kitchen, the safety level of food, how the body uses food

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13
Q

Types of FI?

A
  • Chronic (due to poverty)
  • Temporary (shock, economic crash)
  • Seasonal (FI seen annually)
  • Acute (life threatening famine)
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14
Q

The Right to Adequate Food approach makes who the center of concern?

A

The vulnerable groups.

All members of society must help, including the private sector.

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15
Q

What is an indicator?

A

measures that allow us to see change and progress towards a goal

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16
Q

Voices of the Hungry (FIES: Food insecurity experience scale)

A

scale determining the severity of food insecurity
The only direct measure of FI
8 questions
Relies on peoples experiences, direct information from people facing FI

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17
Q

Millenium Development Goal

A

Reduce # of hungry people (2005-2015)

Goal - Target - Indicators (evaluate progress)

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18
Q

Millenium Development Goal: Africa, Asia

A

*Issue: resources are not available
Africa: largest % of hungry people based on population
Asia: largest % of hungry people based on report

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19
Q

FAO: Undernourishment

Study These Flashcards
A

Calculate # of calories available per person
Doesn’t take into account nutritional quality of food or safety
Need to know level of activity of people

20
Q

What will increase your risk of becoming FI?

21
Q

Define Undernourishment

Study These Flashcards
A

people who dont have sufficient energy

22
Q

Define Child Wasting

Study These Flashcards
A

linked to acute undernutrition

child too skinny for height

23
Q

Define child stunting

Study These Flashcards
A

Linked to chronic undernutrition

Too short for their age

24
Q

Determinants of FI

Study These Flashcards
A

No Financial Capital
Low Human Capital
Low Social Captial

**These all lead to poverty unemployment, high food prices

25
Household Food Security (conceptual framework)
Mild: Anxiety or worry about uncertainty in the food supply Moderate: Budget restrictions on the quality of food Severe: Budget restrictions affect the quantity of food Presence of Hunger
26
Who is most likely to be FI in Canada?
Single Mothers, Aboriginal, parents of children
27
Which province in Canada, is the most FI? Most FS?
Nunavut, Alberta
28
Determinants of Undernutrition
Basic causes: Social, economic, political context; lack of financial, social, physical capital Underlying Causes: Inadequate household food security, inadequate care, inadequate services and unhealthy environment Immediate Causes: Inadequate Diet, Disease Manifestations: Malnutrition, disability, death
29
Determinants of Health
General socioeconomic, cultural, and environment conditions: Living and working conditions (Education, water and santization) Social and community networks Individual lifestyle factors Age, sex
30
Sociocultural Environment
Social Organization: hierarchy within the family Ideology: Way of thinking (Vegetarianism) Culture: shared understanding that characterizes groups of people and distinguishes them from other groups
31
How do we asses FI?
Not just through poverty! | People may be poor, rich, disabled, no transportation, discriminated
32
Assessing FS
Availability: Food availability sheet HH Food Expenditure: Larger portion of income for poor people is spent on food Dietary Intake: 24 hr recall, inaccurate, labour intensive Anthropometry: evaluate body, stunting, wasting, obesity (symptom of being FI, doesnt show recent info) Experienced-Based Scale: Quick,
33
SOFI (State of Food Insecurity in the World)
-undernourishment indicator: Food Balance Sheet/ # of calories for pop = # of people undernourished - follows major trends Recommendations: Inclusive growth
34
IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute) GHI
GHI: summarizes the level of food security of all countries If 2 countries are the same rank, they may not be in the same situation Child Stunting and Wasting, Child Mortality
35
Food categorization scheme?
Core foods, Secondary foods, Peripheral foods
36
Double Burden
Parents are obese, children are undernourished
37
What do FI households consume in greater quantities than other households?
Staple grains
38
Metabolic Syndrome
Leads to diseases like Heart Disease, Diabetes, Obesity
39
Strategies against FI: Commitments of the World Food Summit Plan of Action
1) Political, social, economical environment 2) Policies to access nutritionally adequate foods 3) Participatory and sustainable food policies and practices at household, national and global affairs 4) Fair World Trade System, foo and agricultural trade 5) Prevent and be prepared for natural disasters and man made emergencies 6) Optimal allocation for public and private investments 7) Implement, monitor, follow up plan
40
Main strategies against FI (Mexico)
- Food based Strategies: increase food production, improve dietary diversification - Supplementation - Global Public Health and disease control
41
Food Systems Approach to combat FI
1) Invest in HR 2) Improve access to productive resources and remunerative employment 3) Improve markets, infrastructure and institutions 4) Expand appropriate research, knowledge and technology 5) Improve natural resource management 6) Promote good governace 7) Support sound national and international trade ad macroeconomic politics
42
Dimensions of Poverty
- Income - Educational gap - Access to health services - Access to social security - Access to food - Housing quality and spaces - Access to basic services of housing
43
Econonmist
Many indicators: Affordability, Availability, Quality and Safety
44
What is the Food policy in Canada that is working
Guaranteed Income Supplement for Elderly
45
How does Gender relate to FI?
- Women spend money towards the family (90%) | - Crop yields could increase 20-30%

Food Security (1 decks)

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