Global Governance Case Studies Flashcards
(41 cards)
Where is Uganda located? What is a key feature of it?
East Central Africa, sitting on the Equator and near the coast.
Surrounded by Sudan, Kenya and Tanzania, with Lake Victoria being it’s major water source.
Why is development in Uganda so unequal?
Focus is primarily on the capital, meaning slums only get bigger and receive no attention.
Uganda is hindered by the likes of civil war, corruption and HIV/AIDS.
Trade exports were very controlled under British ruling.
Overfishing in Lake Victoria has created environmental + economical issues
How has stability in Uganda improved in terms of technology?
Recent technological changes - ‘Village Phone’ model improving general connectivity and access.
Where is Songxia, the Umbrella City, located?
South of Shanghai, next to the sea.
What is Songxia about as a case study?
They have made umbrellas since over 3000 years ago, with 70% of the world buying these umbrellas through international trade.
Big money income for China
Ideal location with access to international markets, and has cheap production costs.
Greece, the UK and the EU - A Background of the EU
Focuses on the idea that ‘countries who become interdependent and trade with each other are less likely to cause conflict’.
Essentially a massive trade agreement that allows for easier importing/exporting
Why did the UK leave the EU?
Brexit (2016-2020) - believed the laws and agreements held the UK economy back.
Was not a good decision, as it occurred at a very poor time due to COVID-19 and inflation.
Greece’s background in terms of population and economy?
Decreasing population - 11.2mil fell to 11mil from 2010-2014
A ‘Grexit’ almost happened in 2015
GDP per capital has fell by almost 4000, from 20226 to 16290.
Economic meltdown, with 1975 application by Greece rejected by the EU as it posed serious issues
Why did Greece’s economy fail?
2008 Global Recession
Government funded an unsustainable + inefficient public sector
Using the Euro resulted in uncompetitive exports
Unemployment rose by almost 28% by 2013
Influx of over 1mil migrants from Middle East in 2015
TNCs - Walmart’s background
One of the largest in the world
Almost 12000 stores after opening in 1962
Owns ASDA in the UK, and also accounts for 62% of all grocer sales in the USA
How many people are employed at Walmart?
Almost 2.3mil people
Why is Walmart so big?
It respects countries when expanding, adapting to each country’s culture and economies. Creates lots of economical opportunity and is also very affordable.
Trade agreements between New Zealand and the EU
New Zealand exchanges agricultural goods with EU in exchange for manufactured goods such as medicine and telecommunication equipment.
Special and differential treatment in regards to the trade agreements.
It is a ‘bilateral agreement’ that gives each party favoured trade status and lowers trade barriers.
Less developed countries can bypass tariffs to get access to the market.
Allows cheap imports so that developing countries may negotiate better.
Where is coffee produced? (Background knowledge of the coffee trade)
Generally close to the Equator, in countries such as Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia.
HICs consume the most coffee overall, with TNCs dominating the coffee trade.
How much of the supermarket price goes back to coffee farmers?
Less than 10%
New Zealand in relation to Colombia and the coffee trade - What do they aim to do?
NZ has the highest number of roasters in relation to population, imported from Colombia.
They aim to improve the recognition of coffee origins and restore connections through globalisation by sending representatives to build them
Get Colombia involved in Fairtrade
Why were coffee farmers struggling in Colombia?
An oversupply created by Vietnam in 1999, causing a steady decline.
Economic turmoil occurred as prices didn’t match the cost of production, leading many coffee farms to go under.
How do coffee farmers benefit from Fairtrade?
It allows for relationships and trust to build between the farmers, importers and exporters, as shown between NZ and Colombia
Farmers are protected from market fluctuations and still receive a fair price
What issues still remain in Colombia?
The growing of coca plants which support the illegal cocaine business in Colombia
Internal conflict within Colombia
Spreading of herbicides actively damages coffee production, and cups are only 7 cents each.
Background of the United Nations - When was it created? What are it’s aims?
Created in 1945 after WW2 with the aim of promoting growth and stability, and to also be free of war.
Has 193 countries and member countries must sign the UN charter when joining.
Also aims to reduce poverty.
What does the UN do?
Maintain world peace and security - developing and strengthening international relations, over 170 peaceful UN agreements.
Eradicate and combat global disease - reduced global mortality rates, the eradication of smallpox in 1979.
Settle legal disputes - international laws established within a world legal framework.
Location and features of Antarctica
South Pole, surrounded by the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Close to countries like Argentina+Chile and Australia+New Zealand.
Middle of Antarctica is fairly flat, near coastlines have steeper relief.
Some of Antarctica is ice-free, and the peninsula is a popular tourist spot with loads of mountains.
How big is Antarctica, and how much ice and freshwater does it store?
Over 14mil km² and is bigger than Europe.
Stores 90% of the world’s ice and 70% of it’s freshwater.
