Global Governance : Politics Flashcards
What are the origins of the United Nations ?
- founded on 1945 post World War II allies
- initially had 51 member states (now has 193 member states, e.g most recently South Sudan in 2011)
- founded on the principle of equality of all memebers regardless of size, wealth or military strength, but in practice the 5 permanent members of the UN Security Council wield the most power
- headquarters in the New York City, with offices in Geneva, The Hague (ICJ), Milan
What is the UN ?
- the UN stands for United Nations
- the world’s intergovernmental organisation, founded in 1945 and comprises of 193 member states
- it has a wide range of responsibilities and powers (e.g international peace and security, economic development, human rights and social progress)
What is NATO ?
- NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
- a military alliance consisting of the USA and its key western allies, with the purpose to protect Western Europe from military threats from the Soviet Union
What is origins of NATO ?
- formed in the 1949 through the North Atlantic Treaty, a collective military agreement initially signed by 12 nations (10 European states, + the US and Canada)
- this agreement was signed in Washington DC at the start of the Cold War and its headquarters is in Brussels, Belgium
What is Global Governance ?
The act of trying to command authority over particular territory or a group, but on a global scale
Define isolationist
When a country reject global governance and choose to do it themselves
Why is it difficult to achieve global governance ?
- States are principal actors
- International law is largely unenforceable
- Rouge states
- Failed states
- Powerful states
Why does ‘states are principle actors’ make global governance difficult achieve ?
- states are the main actors with global governance
- global governance refers to decisions made by other states collectively
Why does ‘international law is largely unenforceable’ make global governance difficult achieve ?
- states must choose to sign treaties and agreements (e.g Trump (USA) opting out of the TPP agreement in 2017)
- international law is optional as well, some states may choose to sign but not ratify
Why does ‘rouge states’ make global governance difficult achieve ?
- state has no desire to be apart of global governance
- they actively separate themselves from the community
-e.g North Korea, Afghanistan
Why do ‘failed states’ make global governance difficult achieve ?
- they have no control over their own government, therefore they cannot be apart of a community which involves cooperation and requires connection within a state
- governments that cannot control their population cannot be globally involved
- e.g Somalia, Syria, Sudan
Why do ‘powerful states ’ make global governance difficult achieve ?
- as they can pick and choose, when and which treaty they want to apply to
-e.g Russia
What are the ways in which political global governance is achieved ?
- International treaties
- AdHoc Meetings
- IGOs
How to international treaties help achieve global governance ?
They are a way of creating international law more flexibly on a specific issue within an IGO or separate from an IGO
How do AdHoc meetings help achieve global governance ?
States meet in an informal setting and undertake negotiations and agreements on a AdHoc basis
E.g Trump meeting King Jong Un
