Global Hazards

Question 1

What are the 4 structures of the earth called?

Answer 1

1 - Inner core
2 - Outer core
3 - The mantle
4 - The crust

Question 2

What is the inner core made up of?

Answer 2

Its sold and its made up of iron and nickel

Question 3

What temperature can the inner core reach?

Answer 3

5500*c

Question 4

What is the outer core made up of?

Answer 4

It is a liquid layer and is made out of iron and nickel

Question 5

How thick is the mantle?

Answer 5

2900km

Question 6

What is the mantle made up of?

Answer 6

Semi-molten rock called magma

Question 7

Is the rock in the mantle soft or hard?

Answer 7

The rock is harder in the upper parts but then in the lower parts it is soft and begins to melt

Question 8

How thick is the crust?

Answer 8

0 - 60km

Question 9

What state is the rock in the crust?

Answer 9

It is hard

Question 10

What are the two different types of crust?

Answer 10

1 - Continental crust

2 - Oceanic Crust

Question 11

What creates convection currents?

Answer 11

Heat rising and falling inside the mantle

Question 12

What are convection currents generated by?

Answer 12

Radioactive decay in the core

Question 13

What do plate tectonics create?

Answer 13

Earthquakes and volcanoes

Question 14

What happens at a tensional, constructive or divergent boundary?

Answer 14

The plates move apart

Question 15

What happens at a compressional, destructive or convergent boundary?

Answer 15

The plates move towards each other

Question 16

What happens at a conservative or transform boundary?

Answer 16

The plates slide past each other

Question 17

What can a destructive boundary also be called?

Answer 17

A collision boundary

Question 18

What are the 3 atmospheric cells called?

Answer 18

Hadley, Ferrrel and the polar cell

Question 19

What is the largest atmospheric cell called?

Answer 19

Hadley

Question 20

Between what *C is the Hadley cell?

Answer 20

30 - 40*C North and South

Question 21

What is the middle atmospheric cell called?

Answer 21

The ferrel cell

Question 22

Between what *C is the ferrel cell?

Answer 22

60 - 70*C

Question 23

What is the smallest and weakest atmospheric cell?

Answer 23

The polar

Question 24

What *C is the polar cell?

Answer 24

90*C

Question 25

What temperatures does El Nino create?

Answer 25

Warmer

Question 26

What temperatures does La Nina create?

Answer 26

Cooler

Question 27

How long do La Nina and El Nino episodes last?

Answer 27

9 - 12 months

Question 28

Which occurs more La Nina or El Nino?

Answer 28

El Nino

Question 29

Which countries get warmer due to El Nino?

Answer 29

Australia and North America

Question 30

What are the physical causes of tropical storms?

Answer 30

They are over tropical and sub-tropical water between 5 - 30*C North and South of the equator. The surface ocean above 26.5*C & depth of at least 50 - 60m, and at least 500m away from the equator so Coriolis effect is strong enough to spin weather systems.

Question 31

What are some other names for tropical storms?

Answer 31

Cyclones, Hurricanes and Typhoons

Question 32

Is a tropical storm at high or low pressure?

Answer 32

Low

Question 33

How high do the wind speeds need to be to be classified as a tropical storm?

Answer 33

75mph

Question 34

What is the centre of the storm called?

Answer 34

The eye

Question 35

What is the most destructive part of the storm called?

Answer 35

The eye wall

Question 36

How fast to the wind speeds need to be to be classified as a grade 5 hurricane?

Answer 36

155mph

Question 37

What are the physical causes of drought?

Answer 37

El Nino brings descending air & high pressure causing drought.

Question 38

What increases as global temps increase?

Answer 38

Evaporation

Question 39

What happens in constructive plate boundaries?

Answer 39

The plates move apart, the magma seeps up through the fissures , this faults and cools instantly causing solified rock, and also a shield volcano in the mid-Atlantic ridge

Question 40

What happens in destructive plate boundaries?

Answer 40

The plates move towards each other - oceanic & continental and oc sub ducts as denser oc melts in the mantle causing a composite volcano. On the Eurasian plate

Question 41

What happens in conservative plate boundaries?

Answer 41

They move along side each other, earthquakes can only be on the same side or opposite, sliding past one another e.g. on the San Andreas fault line

Question 42

What happens in destructive collision plate boundaries?

Answer 42

When earthquakes only moving towards each other at the same densities, which buckle upwards anticline + syncline. The geosyncline sedimentary compressed layers fold mountains

Question 43

What is a hotspot?

Answer 43

A fixed point in the mantle which create intense heat in a mantle pume. The area of hot magma which are small and long-lasting which sustain volcanic activity. The magma erupts through the crust which then the pume reaches the crust causing the crus to dome and crack.

Question 44

Where is Haiti?

Answer 44

In the northern hemisphere near Jamaica and Cubs

Question 45

Which plate boundary is Haiti on?

Answer 45

The Caribbean

Question 46

What type of plate boundary is Haiti on?

Answer 46

Destructive

Question 47

How many were made homeless due to Haiti?

Answer 47

1 million