global-politics-flashcards-complete
(36 cards)
multilateralism
When three or more states convene in order to make resolutions to solve specific objectives
nation
A group of people with a common shared culture and heritage with a history
global governance
The enforcement of government policies on a worldwide scale in order to achieve a common goal
sovereignty
The legitimate or widely recognised ability to exercise effective control of a territory within recognised borders. State sovereignty can be challenged internally (secessionist groups) or externally (invasion)
national interests
The interests pursued to ensure survival and growth of a state. States implement policies and power types to achieve these interests and maintain sovereignty
power
The ability of one global actor to influence the actions of another global actor through various types
security
Protection of borders and sovereignty through military power traditionally. Now includes softer security like resource access and environmental protection
idealism (relates to policy decisions)
Policy influenced primarily by ideological principles rather than practical considerations
pragmatism (relates to policy decisions)
Policy influenced primarily by practical considerations rather than ideology
realism (approach to international relations)
Focus on self-interest and state sovereignty over global cooperation and collective action
cosmopolitanism (approach to international relations)
Focus on global cooperation and collective wellbeing over individual state interests
crisis diplomacy
Negotiations between global actors in response to an abrupt change requiring rapid response
political power
China Uyghur case:
‘We continue to be gravely concerned about the human rights situation in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region’ - Joint statement from 47 UN states
China states aim to combat ‘hardline Islamic extremism’
12,000 deaths documented by Chinese historian Ethan Gutmann
diplomatic power
Russia in 2022 VETO’d a UN referenda to condemn themselves, a Ukranian representative commented on this, calling Russia a “cancerous tumour that should be removed before it metastasizes.”
cultural power
Panda Diplomacy
When in late 2023 the 3 New York US pandas were sent back to China, Dennis Wilder called it “punitive panda diplomacy”, noting similar happened in 2 other American zoos.
economic power
Belt Road Initiative:
$1 trillion USD invested by end of 2023
$19.1 trillion USD trade between China and BRI states 2013-2023
99-year lease on Sri Lanka’s Hambantota port due to loan default
non state actors (legal)
Catholic Church:
64.63% of Brazil’s population is Roman Catholic
Signed Paris Accords 2015
‘necessary to consolidate our efforts in favor of integral ecology’ - Cardinal Parolin
non state actors (illegal)
ISIS:
June 2014: Declared caliphate in Iraq and Syria territories
Captured Mosul, Iraq’s second-largest city June 2014
Aims: ‘Carrying out acts of terrorism to instill fear, disrupt societies’
human rights international law
UNCRC 1989: 42 articles protecting children
CEDAW 1979: Article 2 requires abolishing discrimination
ICC: 123 signatories, ‘Court of Last Resort’
human rights effectiveness challenges
Egypt: 86% women undergo FGM despite 1981 CEDAW ratification. Culturally, FGM goes back in Egypt goes back to 5th Century BC
human rights global actor responses
India Supreme Court 2017: Criminalized under-18 marriage citing UNCRC Article 34
Most of the western world still deal with Saudi Arabia, even though Grand Mufti Sheikh Al Abdulaziz said that its wrong to state that 13 year olds should not be married off
people movement international law
1951 Refugee Convention:
Article 3: Non-discrimination
Article 33: Non-refoulement principle
people movement effectiveness challenges
Japan: 47 refugees accepted from 10,375 applications (2021), they’d rather prioritize economics; Their Specified Skilled Worker visa launched in 2019 aims to bring up to 345,000 foreign workers over five years to fill gaps in industries. However, Japans acceptance rate for refugees remains one of the lowest among developed countries. Only 47 out of 10,375 applications in 2021 were selected.
Australia: ‘We are in a fierce contest with these people smugglers’ - PM Abbott justifying turnbacks
people movement global actor responses positively (Germany)
following articles 3 and 33
Germany: 1 million+ refugees accepted 2015
‘If Europe fails on the question of refugees, then it won’t be the Europe we wished for’ - Merkel
1% annual GDP increase following acceptance accaording to the German Institute of Economic Research
