Global Winners And Losers

Question 1

What is effected by winners and losers (who/what is the winner or loser)

Answer 1

Both people and the physical environment

Question 2

Winners

Answer 2

Benefit from globalisation

Question 3

Loser

Answer 3

Lose out due to globalisation

Question 4

Where had the global economy shifted to

Answer 4

Asia

Question 5

Economic dominance trends

Answer 5

Most of 19th century Europe controlled the global economy, after Second World War the USA took over greater economic power

Question 6

Global shift

Answer 6

The majority of industrial activity has shifted from one part of the world to another

Question 7

Global shift in manufacturing (1950)

Answer 7

Low tech products such as toys and textiles started being manufactured in the first Newly Industrialised Countries (NIC)
This was due TNCs wanting to cut their costs by moving their operations overseas to make use of cheep labour

Question 8

Outsourcing due to services

Answer 8

Global businesses need business services to operate, these need to be 24 hours a day without large increases for labour costs, improvements in communication allowed workers in distant countries to communicate with customers

Question 9

Global shift impact in chinas economy

Answer 9

It has driven mass economic growth

Question 10

Why is there lowered production costs in china

Answer 10

Their large population offered supply for cheaper, often well educated labour to the global manufacturing sector

Question 11

Working conditions in china

Answer 11

Initially they were very poor and dangerous in the factories, however due ti their regular and attractive wages, jobs in factories caused large scale rural to urban migration, searching for new jobs in manufacturing hubs such as Shenzhen

Question 12

FDI

Answer 12

Foreign Direct Investment

Question 13

Why did major brands set up in china (apple)

Answer 13

As FDI flowed into china it was able to invest in greater industrial infrastructure and higher level training for workers, making china an attractive manufacturing destination fort higher order goods such as consumer electronics

Question 14

India

Answer 14

Huh for outsourcing due to large number of youthful graduates

Question 15

What are three of the benefits of global shift

Answer 15

Infrastructure investment
Education, training and healthcare
Waged work and poverty reduction

Question 16

Infrastructure investment - benefit of global shift

Answer 16

Greater investment in transport and energy infrastructure in Asian countries ( the capacity of the Shenzhen port has increased so that it can now have more ships berthed), new power stations are also being built in China to meet the energy demands, (Longyangxia Dam Solar Park)

Question 17

Education, training and healthcare - benefits of global shift

Answer 17

Increased national revenues through industrial growth leading to increased investment in schools and healthcare, more children are able to complete schooling resulting in higher literacy rates and more people seeking graduate level qualifications

Question 18

Wages work and poverty reduction - benefits of global shift

Answer 18

Asia, mostly china have seen a rise in the wealth of its citizens, wages work had allowed people to have greater levels of disposable income, creating a rise in the number of people in the middle classes and fewer people living in poverty, (percentage of people in china living on less than $2.15 a day dropped from 72% in 1990 to 0.7% in 2017), Remittance payments have spread this wealth beyond the immediate earner

Question 19

Land degradation- envo problems

Answer 19

Growing pressure on land resources is causing land degradation, demand for industrial space has led to increased deforestation and a loss of productive land, agricultural land is farmed more intensively which can cause soil erosion and desertification

Question 20

Over exploration of resources - envo problems

Answer 20

Resources such as minerals, energy and water are being over exploited and used at an unsustainable rate

Question 21

Loss of biodiversity - envo problems

Answer 21

Loss of natural habitats means loss of biodiversity, rate pollution is also responsible for the loss of species as pollutants enter and disrupt food chains

Question 22

Urbanisation - social problems

Answer 22

Widespread rural to urban migration has led to rapid urbanisation putting pressure on urban infrastructure and resources, limited housing in cities has led to illegal unplanned settlements being built

Question 23

Pollution - envo problems

Answer 23

High levels of air and water pollution, reduced environmental monitoring in some counties makes them attractive locations for companies who wish to focus on profit rather than environmental accountability

Question 24

Urbanisation

Answer 24

The growth olin proportion of people living in urban areas

Question 25

Deindustrialisation

Answer 25

The closure of manufacturing industries due to autimstion and increased competition from overseas

Question 26

Unemployment and depopulation - developed countries issues

Answer 26

More likely to be higher levels of unemployment as industries close, people may move out of the city to find work causing depopulation, residential properties may lose value as demand decreases, spiral of decline

Question 27

Crime - developed countries issues

Answer 27

Post industrial areas are more likely to experience crime increased drug use and antisocial behaviour

Question 28

Dereliction and contamination - developed countries issues

Answer 28

Former industrial sites are iften left empty as no new industries can be found to occupy them, leading to high numbers of derelict buildings and large areas becoming eyesores

Question 29

Detroit car industry collapse

Answer 29

In 1970 car industry collapse led to 30% of buildings in the city becoming vacant, in 2020 around 27% of residential buildings were still vacant