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Geography U1 Human > Globalisation > Flashcards

Globalisation Flashcards

1
Q

Define Globalisation

A

describes the way cultures are ever more closely linked/connected

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2
Q

how are countries connected historically?

A
  1. trade: especially after America discovered in 1442
  2. colonialism: end of 1800s UK controlled 1/4 world
  3. cooperation: since WW1 international organisations like UN
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3
Q

is modern globalisation different to historical ties?

A
  1. lengthening: Fiji water to UK 16,000km

2. deepening: to other places in more areas of our lives

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4
Q

explain how economic growth affects globalisation

A

economic growth in area = pop increase in area = natural increase in pop, birth/death rate

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5
Q

explain how globalisation affects population in urban areas

A

more international, internal migration, and economic migrants move into urban areas because of economic growth in area =»> globalisation concentrates wealth in certain areas

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6
Q

what part of an urban area may be attractive to an economic migrant

A

businesses set up factories / offices in major cities

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7
Q

how to rural areas modernising also affect mass migration movements?

A

mechanisation of farming reduces job opportunities, exacerbating rural-to-urban migration

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8
Q

what stopped migration movements in the past

A
  • intervening obstacles: political barriers
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9
Q

how has globalisation broken intervening obstacles from preventing migration flows?

A

EU - 2004 - 650,000 Poles gained UK work permits

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10
Q

how can intervening opportunities interrupt migration flows?

A

polish migrants heading to Ireland via London may never get to Ireland cuz find jobs in London

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11
Q

what changes in population of most countries experienced since the industrial revolution?

A

falling death & birth rate due to better healthcare, education and nutrition

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12
Q

what has accompanied economic growth in the past? give UK & India example

A

population growth - Uk, first to industrialise, 5 mill in 1750 vs. 40mill in 1900
India’s pop expected to increase to 1.5 bill by 2030

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13
Q

why does rapid population growth occur?

A
  • death rates lower, modern medicine, but birth rates don’t

- ‘time lag’: not yet established economic and cultural benefits of no children

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14
Q

why does the EU experience virtually no populate growth?

A

birth rates lowered same as death rates, africa experiences pop growth because kids beneficial in aiding parents when older and working

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15
Q

how do TNC’s increase connectivity globally?

A

Globally recognised brans, Coca-cola, McDonalds, BBC, brought cultural + economic changes where products made + consumes

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16
Q

how has transport increased connectivity globally?

A

Boeing 747 1960s = available
Ryanair / easyJet = cheap
more containerised shipping of goods (Amazon worldwide shipping)

17
Q

How have computers + technology increased connectivity globally?

A
  • affect where businesses operate/locate
  • CAM & CAD = less human labour = footloose
  • Skype = TNCs can expand globally
18
Q

how do international organisations increase connectivity globally?

A
  • IMF 1945, loans from rich to poor

- poor govn’s create free market economies = TNC’s enter more easily

19
Q

what is a controversial side to the IMF?

A

SAPs - cut down funding on education, water, healthcare in poor countries, Tanzania = water

20
Q

how do NGO’s and the WTO have transglobal influence?

A

NGOs= Oxfam, Christian Aid, connect through flows of aid/debt relief

21
Q

what is a case study that proves the UK is very globalised?

A 
Christmas: lunch travels 130,000km
- turkey: thailand
- wine: NZ
- beans: zambia
2005 Roboraptor £80
Dongguan, 'Santa's Workshop', China, cheap labour, 1.5 million Roboraptors, workforce doubled from 3000 - 7000, rural migrant workforce, Recycle Now Org = 1bill cards sent back to China recycling
22
Q

why don’t Londoners buy local produce for Christmas lunch?

A

more expensive, TNC’s manufacturing in countries w/ cheap labour + efficient transport systems = cheaper

23
Q

how do the international elite have free access to globalisation?

A
  • financial resources/ socially powerful = few obstacles to move
  • 200,000 Americans in UK
  • global citizens
24
Q

why has rural to urban migration increased dramatically in recent years?

A

3 billion live in urban areas

  • TV/radio: knowledge of urban spreads to rural = young migrants persuaded
  • Foreign Direct Investment: TNCs in urban = job opps for rural peeps
25
Q

How has globalisation hindered migration movements in recent years?

A
  • 9/11 - terrorists - harder to gain USA visa
  • conflict between different values/attitudes = more prominent
  • rich fear terrorism + national security
  • Somalians travel Mediterranean to Europe in desperate attempts to lead better lives

Geography U1 Human (7 decks)

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