Globalisation and Crime

Question 1

What is globalisation

Answer 1

The 3 TS

Question 2

What do Held and McGrew argue?

Answer 2

Globalisation involves a process of detorriolisastion which means that social, political and economic activities are no longer stretched to one country but transnational and spread across the globe.

Question 3

What do Karofi and Mwanza argue?

Answer 3

Globalisation has lead to a growing criminal economy and new types of crime have emerged.

Question 4

What do Karofi and Mwanza argue are the 4 new types of crime.

Answer 4

1. Illegal drugs trade. 2. Human trafficking. 3. Money laundering 4. Cyber crime

Question 5

How much is the illegal drugs trade worth?

Answer 5

$322 billion which is higher then the GDP of 88% of countries around the world.

Question 6

Why does the illegal drug trade contribute to crime rates?

Answer 6

People need to raise the money to buy these drugs once they are exported to the UK

Question 7

What is the fastest growing criminal activity in the world?

Answer 7

Cyber crime. Both Web based crimes and using it to make contacts such as making a terrorist network.

Question 8

What does Detica estimate?

Answer 8

Cyber crime costs the UK £27 billion a year.

Question 9

What does Castells argue on globalisation?

Answer 9

It’s created transnational networks of organised crime which operates in many countries. These employ millions of people and often work in conjunction with the state and legitimate businesses.

Question 10

What does Farr argue?

Answer 10

There are 2 forms of global criminal networks: the established mafia and newer organised crime groups.

Question 11

What’s the established mafia?

Answer 11

Stuff like the Italian American mafia and the Chinese triads. They are long standing groups based around family and tradition and take advantage of globalisation.

Question 12

What are newer organised crime groups?

Answer 12

These have emerged since globalisation and the collapse of communism in Russia and Eastern Europe

Question 13

What term did Glenny come up with?

Answer 13

McMafia

Question 14

What’s the idea of McMafia?

Answer 14

Glennys idea that transnational crime mirrors the activities of legal corporations such as McDonald’s who seek to provide goods and services all over the world. They like McDonald’s are operating as Purley self interested economic organisations which instead of fast provide things like drugs, guns, body organs etc

Question 15

What term did Hobbs and Dunningham use to explain how crime has developed?

Answer 15

golocal

Question 16

What do Hobbs and Dunnigham argue?

Answer 16

Crime is still locally based but has increasingly global connections. For example local criminals recieve goods they buy from national chains who themselves deal with global ‘businesses.’ The driving force is economics with poorer nations supplying richer nations with illegal goods.

Question 17

What do Lash and Urry argue?

Answer 17

Globalisation has been accompanied by less regulation and fewer state controls over business and finance. This is disorganised capitalism. Corperations now work within global markets, moving money etc to keep profits high and labour costs low.

Question 18

What do postmodernists argue has happened due to globalisation?

Answer 18

The development of a global risk consciousness. The threat to people used to come from locally based crime and criminals but this has changed to include global threats like terrorism. This causes people to feel less secure. Governments seek to control borders and immigration which cab increase tensions between different racial and ethnic groups. This can turn into hate or racially motivated crime.

Question 19

What are 3 institutions that help prevent and prosecute global crime?

Answer 19

UN, interpool and europool

Question 20

What are 2 critisms of the research into global crime?

Answer 20

1. The secretive nature of global crime makes it difficult to investigate and it may require specialist skills so reliable stats may not be available. 2. Some people argue it distracts from the focus on local crimes which can have a real impact on people’s lives.