Globalisation EQ1

Question 1

Globalisation

Answer 1

The process by which people, their cultures, money, goods and information can be transferred between counties with few or no barriers.

Question 2

Factors affecting globalisation

Answer 2

• ICT / Technology
• Transport
• Relations between countries
• Trade
• Wealth of countries
• TNCs

Question 3

Examples of economic globalisation

Answer 3

• Growth of TNCs
• ICT
• Online purchasing

Question 4

Examples of social globalisation

Answer 4

• International migration
• Global improvements in education and health
• Social interconnectivity

Question 5

Examples of political globlisation

Answer 5

• Growth of trade blocs
• Global concerns such as free trade and economic recessions
• World bank, IMF, WTO

Question 6

Examples of cultural globalistion

Answer 6

• Westernisation
• Glocalisation and hybridisation
• Circulation of ideas and info

Question 7

Transnational Coorperations

Answer 7

Businesses whose operations are spread across the world

Question 8

Interdependency

Answer 8

2 places becoming over-reliant on financial and/or political connections with one another

Question 9

Time-Space Compression

Answer 9

The set of processes that cause the relative distances between places to contract, effectively making such places grow ‘closer’

Question 10

Telephone and the Telegraph

Answer 10

Communication across distances

Question 11

Broadband and Fibre Optics

Answer 11

Large amounts of data can be transferred. Owned by national governments or TNCs

Question 12

GPS

Answer 12

Broadcast position and time data to users throughout the world. Deliveries can be tracked by companies helping the growth of global production networks to be managed

Question 13

Internet, Social Networks, Skype

Answer 13

Connects people and places

Question 14

How does development in ICT impact economic globalisation?

Answer 14

Allows working from home, expanding TNCs into new territories
E.g. Every food purchased in M&S increases the size of the next order from countries like Kenya

Question 15

How does development in ICT impact social globalisation?

Answer 15

Maintains long-distance social relationships (supports migration)
E.g. Skype is used by migrants to connect with family they left behind

Question 16

How does development in ICT impact cultural globalisation?

Answer 16

Cultural traits such as language or music are adopted faster - becoming increasingly Westernised
E.g. TikTok is now used by 150 countries

Question 17

How does development in ICT impact political globalisation?

Answer 17

Social networks can raise awareness about political issues and to fight for change on a global scale
E.g. ISIS uses social networking to spread the message of terrorism globally

Question 18

What is M-Pesa?

Answer 18

The largest mobile network company operating in Kenya.
Allows credit to be directly transferred between phone users. Women in rural areas can secure microloans. Farmers can check market prices before selling produce.
One of the largest factors leading to the increase in mobile phone uptake in LICs.
African countries now have been 75-93% mobile phone ownership.

Question 19

Tariffs

Answer 19

A tax placed on goods that are imported from other countries

Question 20

Quotas

Answer 20

A limit placed on the number of goods that are imported from other countries

Question 21

Embargo

Answer 21

A ban placed on certain goods imported from other countries

Question 22

Subsidies

Answer 22

A sum of money granted by the gov. to help an industry or business keep the price of goods low

Question 23

LDCs

Answer 23

Least Developed Countries

• Around 50 countries
• Very low incomes
• Poor health
• Low education
• Heavily in debt to richer countries
• Gov. corruption
• Majority in Africa

Examples: Haiti, Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Gambia

Question 24

LEDCs

Answer 24

Least Economically developed Countries

• Increasing GDP and calorie intakes per day

Examples: Egypt, Namibia

Question 25

NICs

Answer 25

Newly Industrialised Countries - Rapidly growing economies - Move from a mostly agricultural economy to one involving manufacturing and exporting Examples: Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan

Question 26

MEDCs

Answer 26

More Economically developed Countries - High calorie intakes and GDP - Low birth and death rates Examples: USA, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, European countries

Question 27

OEDC

Answer 27

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development - 34 richest and powerful countries - Aim to provide solutions to economic, environmental and social issues - Members are always changing Examples: USA, Sweden, Australia

Question 28

G8

Answer 28

- Top 8 countries of OEDC - World's most powerful and wealthy Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, USA, UK (and Russia)

Question 29

G8 + 5

Answer 29

- Attempt to create deeper international cooperation and an understanding of climate change and international trade G8 + China, India, Brazil, Mexico, South Africa

Question 30

G20

Answer 30

- 23 members all from developing world - Formed in 2004 - Focuses on agricultural trade Examples: Argentina, China, France, Brazil

Question 31

BRICS

Answer 31

- All newly emerging countries - Middle income countries becoming high income countries Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa

Question 32

Positives of Trade Blocs

Answer 32

- Human Rights Agreements - Free migration - Protection - Cheaper trade (money kept within trade blocs) - Economies of scale - Comparative advantage (free access to each others markets)

Question 33

Negatives of Trade Blocs

Answer 33

Interdependence - distribution of trade in one country may cause severe consequences for the economies of participating countries

Question 34

Protectionism

Answer 34

Involves any attempt by a country to impose restrictions on trade in goods and services