Glomerular and Tubulointerstitial Disease Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Glomerular and Tubulointerstitial Disease Lecture Powerpoint Deck (37)
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1
Q

BUN will have increased concentration if…

A

…there is decreased blood flow to kidney

2
Q

Creatinine will only increase if there is….

A

…significant kidney damage

3
Q

Azotemia definition

A

Presence of elevated BUN

4
Q

Uremia definition

A

Advancing azotemia with increased BUN and Cr, indicates renal failure

5
Q

Vasopressor definition

A

The name of the local paracrine factor secreted by macula densa cells to communicate with juxtaglomerular cells thru mesangial cells indicating the JG cells need to release renin

6
Q

When blood pressure is too high, macula densa cells can secrete ___ that inhibit ___ release from JG cells

A

Paracrine factors, renin

7
Q

Nephrotic syndrome results from injury to the ___ (cells) while nephritic syndrome is ____ based, involving ____

A

Podoctyes, inflammation, blood in the urine

8
Q

Most nephrotic syndromes have a ___basis

A

Immunologic

9
Q

Does antibiotic treatment prevent glomerular disease in post strep glomerulonephritis?

A

Nope, immune mediated doesn’t have to do when treatment was sought after

10
Q

A strep infection often goes on to cause either ____ or ____ but rarely both

A

rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis

11
Q

Treatment of post strep glomerulonephritis (3)

A
  • supportive diuretics
  • control hypertension
  • dialysis in extreme cases
12
Q

Prognosis of post strep glomerulonephritis

A

Very good, see recovery often within 2 months

13
Q

Goodpasture’s syndrome definition

A

A type II hypersensitivity invoolving antibody formation against the glomerular basement membrane, rapidly progressive to renal failure

14
Q

Most common glomerular cause of hematuria

A

IgA nephropathy/berger’s disease

15
Q

IgA nephropathy/berger’s disease definition

A

Attacks of hematuria following nonspecific illness, exercise, or immunization that is benign and result of excessive IgA antigen complex formation

16
Q

IgA nephropathy/berger’s disease treatment (2)

A
  • supportive care of hypertension

- steroids if progressive to suppress immune response

17
Q

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) definition

A

Acute glomerulonephritis marked by rapid loss of renal function >50% over a period of 3 months with renal crescents upon biopsy

18
Q

75-80% of all nephrotic syndromes in kids and 20% in adults is from…

A

…minimal change disease

19
Q

Minimal change disease definition

A

Nondamaging cause of proteinuria leading to nephrotic syndrome, sometimes seen with allergies, malignancies, or certain drugs

20
Q

Minimal change disease presents as ___onset of nephrotic syndrome

A

abrupt

21
Q

Focal segmental glmoerulosclerosis definition

A

Scarring of some of the glomeruli of the kidney either idiopathic or due to infection, or drug, or a disease

22
Q

Focal segmental glmoerulosclerosis prognosis

A

Poor

23
Q

Most common primary cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults is…

A

…membranous glomerular disease

24
Q

Captopril drug class

A

ACEI

25
Q

Causes of membranous glomerular disease are typically ___ and include (3), how does it present (3)?

A

Autoimmune

  • nephrotic syndrome
  • cancers
  • Hep B

Presents with proteinuria and sometimes hematuria or malaise

P

26
Q

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) results in ___ GFR and ____ mesangial cellularity

A

decreased, increased

27
Q

Mostcommon cause of end stage renal disease in US

A

Diabetes

28
Q

Kimmelsteil Wilson lesion definition

A

Hallmark change seen in kidney from mesangial matrix expansion, nodular appearance indicative of glomerulonephropathy from diabetes

29
Q

Cortical nephrons focus on controlling ____ while medullary ones are focused on ____

A

BP, reabsorption

30
Q

Acute interstitial nephritis definition, what 3 things does it lack compared to glomerular disease?

A

Acute decline in renal function due to inflammation of the nephron, lacks HTN, proteinuria, or edema unlike glomerulonephritis

31
Q

Acute interstitial nephritis triad

A
  • fever
  • skin rash
  • peripheral eosinophilia
32
Q

Acute interstitial nephritis can present as TINU syndrome, which is…

A

…tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome

33
Q

Acute interstitial nephritis urine appears…

A

…coke colored

34
Q

Causes of acute interstitial nephritis (4)

A
  • antibiotis
  • NSAIDS
  • systemic infections
  • autoimmune
35
Q

Chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy definition, what does it frequently present with?

A

Disease of the nephron tubule, frequently presents with hyperkalemia

36
Q

Sequelae of chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy

A

Fanconi syndrome

37
Q

Fanconi syndrome definition

A

dysfunction of proximal tubules of kidney resulting in renal glycosuria, water and bicarb loss, and metabolic acidosis