Glossary

Question 1

Unrelated senses of the same phonological word

Answer 1

Homonymy

Question 2

Sense of the same written word. Lap: circuit of a course/ part of the body.

Answer 2

Homograph

Question 3

Sensed of the same spoken words. Ring/Wring

Answer 3

Homophone

Question 4

Invoked if the senses of the same phonological word are judged to be related.

Answer 4

Polysemy

Question 5

How would you list polysemous and homonymous senses?

Answer 5

Polysemous: under the same lexical entry
Homonymous: in a separate entry

Question 6

Different phonological words that have the same or very similar meanings. Couch/sofa, boy/ lad

Answer 6

Synonymy

Question 7

Words which are opposite on meaning

Answer 7

Antonyms

Question 8

What are the different types of antonyms?

Answer 8

Complementary antonyms
Gradable antonyms
Reverses
Converses

Question 9

A relation between words such that the negative of one implies the positive of the other. Dead/alive, pass/fail,hit/miss

Answer 9

Complementary antonyms

Question 10

A relationship between opposites where the positive of 9nes does not necessarily imply the negative of the other. Hot( warn, tepid, cool) cold

Answer 10

Gradable antonyms

Question 11

A relation between opposites describing movement: one term describes movement in one direction and the other the same movement in the opposite direction. Push/pull, come/go, ascend/descend

Answer 11

Reverses

Question 12

Terms which describe a relation between 2 entities from alternate viewpoints: own/belong to, above/below, employer/employee

Answer 12

Converses

Question 13

Hierarchical classification system

Answer 13

Taxonomies

Question 14

Used to describe words which are at the same.level in a taxonomy like the colors red and blue

Answer 14

Taxonomic sisters

Question 15

Taxonomy that describes groups of words that don’t accept new member like the days of the week

Answer 15

Taxonomies close

Question 16

Taxonomy that accepts new members like the flavors of ice cream

Answer 16

Taxonomies open

Question 17

A relation of inclusion. It includes the meaning of a more general word like dog and cat imply animal and sister and mother imply woman

Answer 17

Hyponymy

Question 18

The more general term for a word like tool for hammer

Answer 18

Hyperonym

Question 19

Describes a part-whole relationship between lexical items (nose for face) (cover for page)

Answer 19

Meronymy

Question 20

What are the two types of meronymy?

Answer 20

Transitive and Non- transitive

Question 21

What type of meronymy would this example be?

Nail as meronymy for finger and finger for hand, so nail is a meronym of hand

Answer 21

Transitive meronymy

Question 22

What type of meronymy would this example be?

Pane is meronym of window, window of room but pane isnt a meronym of window

Answer 22

Non-transitive meronymy

Question 23

A pattern of distinct but related senses of a lexeme

Answer 23

Polysemy

Question 24

Related words descended from a common ancestor language

Answer 24

Cognates

Question 25

Comes from the meaning relations within the sentence: My father is my father

Answer 25

Analytic truth

Question 26

It accords with the facts of the world: My father is a sailor

Answer 26

Synthetic truth

Question 27

Verbs which describe a situation or process which lasts for a period of time: John slept

Answer 27

Durative

Question 28

Verbs that describe an event that seems so instantaneous that it involves virtually no time: John coughed

Answer 28

Punctual or semelfactive

Question 29

Verbs that are between curative and punctual verbs. The event is assumed to be repeated for a period of time: john coughed all the night

Answer 29

Iterative verbs

Question 30

Refers to those processes that are seen as having a natural completion: verbs such as paint, draw and build are inherently this: harry was building a draft

Answer 30

Telic

Question 31

Refers to those processes that cam continue indefinitely: talk, sleep and walk: harry was gazing at the sea

Answer 31

Atelic

Question 32

What are the different types of situations?

Answer 32

``` States Activities Accomplishment Accomplishments Achievements Semelfactive ```

Question 33

What kind of situation would the verbs desire want love hate know believe fall into? She hated ice cream

Answer 33

States

Question 34

What kind of situation would the verbs rin walk push a cart drive a car fall into? Your cat watched those birds

Answer 34

Activities

Question 35

To what kind of situation would the phrases to run a mile to draw a circle to walk to school to paint a picture to grow up fall into? Her boss learned japanese

Answer 35

Accomplishment

Question 36

Instantaneous changes of states, with an outcome of a new state (points events). Recognize, find, stop, start l, reach the top . The cease-fire began at noon yesterday

Answer 36

Achievements

Question 37

Instantaneous atelic events: knock, cough, sneeze - the gate banged

Answer 37

Semelfactive

Question 38

Describe action as ongoing and continuing. Used with dynamic situations rather than states. Provide a way of describing processes as being as being extended through time without any implication of completion

Answer 38

Progressive forms

Question 39

Speaker signals degress of knowledge. Judge the way the real world is-- it is possible for you to drive his car

Answer 39

Epistemic modality

Question 40

What are the types of modality

Answer 40

Epistemic Deontic Ability Bouletic

Question 41

Mark the speaker attitude to social factor of obligation responsibility and permission-- you have the permission to drive his car

Answer 41

Deontic modality

Question 42

Reflects possibility based on the speakers view of a subject's abilities. Alexander can okay cricket

Answer 42

Ability modality

Question 43

Reflects possibility and necessity relative to the speaker's view of a subject's desires

Answer 43

Bouletic modality

Question 44

Allows a speaker to communicate her attitude to the source of her information.

Answer 44

Evidentiality

Question 45

Name all the thematic roles

Answer 45

``` Agent Theme Experiencer Beneficiary Instrument Location Goal Source Percept/Stimulus Force Recipient ```

Question 46

Name the Grice maxims of conversational cooperation

Answer 46

The maxim of quality The maxim of quantity The maxim if relevance The maxim of manner

Question 47

What maxim says that you should make your contribution one that is true and a. Do not day what you believe is false b. Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence

Answer 47

The maxim of quality

Question 48

What maxim says a. Make your contribution as informative as required (for the current purposes of exchange) b. Do not make your contribution more informed than required

Answer 48

The maxim of quantity

Question 49

What maxim says make your contribution relevant

Answer 49

The maxim of relevance

Question 50

What maxim says to be perspicuous, and specifically: Avoid ambiguity Avoid obscurity Be brief Be orderly

Answer 50

Maxim of manner

Question 51

Instances where the inplicature is entirely context dependent - can I borrow your purse mine is kn the hall

Answer 51

PCI: Particularized conversational implicature

Question 52

Instances where the implocature is more predictable and less context dependent- the president was assassinated yesterday

Answer 52

GCI: Generalized conversational implicature

Question 53

Which principle draws together Grice's first quantity maxim (be as informative as required) and the first two sub maxims of Manners (Avoid ambiguity and avoid obscurity) ?- say as much as you want

Answer 53

Q principle

Question 54

Which principle is based on speaker economy and subsumed the relevance Maxim with the last to maxims of manner (be brief, be orderly) - say no more than you must

Answer 54

R principle

Question 55

The extend to which, and the means by which, a sentence can be shown to be true or false

Answer 55

Verifiability

Question 56

What are Searle's categories of speech acts?

Answer 56

``` Representatives Directives Commisive Expressive Declarations ```