Glossary

Question 1

Institution

Answer 1

An Institution is an established framwork for stucturing and regulating certain aspects of human social life

Question 2

Power

Answer 2

Power is an ability to influence outcomes within a system

Question 3

Political Significance

Answer 3

Refers to the importsnce, impact or relevance of a political event, action, drcision or actor within the coxtext of a particular society, government or political system

Question 4

Political Actors

Answer 4

Are the individuals, groups instututions or entites that participate in and influence the political processes that determine which decisions, policies and actions are taken

Question 5

Political Interests

Answer 5

Are the desires, motivations and goals that both shape and drive the behaviour of political actors

Question 6

Political Changes

Answer 6

Refers to the extent to which political outcomes differ over time, including ad a result of the actions of political actors;a lack of changes is taken to indicate political stability

Question 7

Political perspectives

Answer 7

Are the ways in which political actors see and understand their interests, which are influened by their ideas, values, experiences and contextual factors

Question 8

Capacity

Answer 8

IS the penttial or ability to do something or influence an outcome

Question 9

Policy

Answer 9

Is an agreed-upon set of ideas or plan for how a goverment or other group will respond in particular situations, typically expressed in statements, laws or other rules.

Question 10

State

Answer 10

Is a polititical unit that has a permanent population, defined territory, a distinct government and recongnised Sovereignty; states are traditionally considered the crntal actors in global politics

Question 11

Nation

Question 12

Sovereignty

Answer 12

Is the legitmate or widely recognised ability to exercise efffective control over matters in a particular areas, or within particular borders.

Question 13

Liberal democracy

Answer 13

Refers to a form of democracy in which the power of goverment is limited and counterbalanced by the rights and freedoms of individuals, which are protected by constitutions, established norms and institutions

Question 14

Capitalism

Answer 14

Refers to a social and econmic system where priviately owned and operated businesses produce goods and servics for a profit; it usually features systems of private property, wage labour, market competition and the accumulation of capital (wealth)

Question 15

Stability

Answer 15

Refers to a political system’s ability to maintain things as they are, and/or where decisions abd changes do not substantially affect the current distribution of power ampng actors (partticulary institutions and goverments) within that system

Question 16

Individualism

Answer 16

Is a perspective that considers the individual as the central and primary actor in society and prioritises individual autonomay and self-reliance

Question 17

Pluralism

Answer 17

is a perspective that reconises and values diversity in society; pluralist societities allow for many differnt groups, parties and ideologies to coexist and partipate in political processes

Question 18

Colonisation

Answer 18

is the action or process of establishing control over, and often settling anmong the existing inhabitants of an area usually enforced through violence and dispossession.

Question 19

Hegemony

Answer 19

Refers to the capacity of a superpower state to dominate the global political order

Question 20

laissez-faire

Answer 20

Refers to government preferring not to intervene in or interfere with the workings of markets

Question 21

BRICS

Answer 21

Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa

Question 22

Government leaders

Answer 22

Are holders of the most powerful offices in national government including heads of states, cabinet ministers, special advisers and other high-ranking government officials; generally their most senior are termed or prime minister or president.

Question 23

Political Parties

Answer 23

are formal membership-based
organisations that seek to
represent particular groups
and ideas about how society
should be organised.

Question 24

media

Answer 24

is the means by which
communication happens
between large groups of
people.

Question 25

traditional media

Answer 25

refers to means of mass communication that rely primarily on predigital broadcast methods, such as radio, television and print (notably newspapers and magazines).

Question 26

digital media

Question 27

multilateralism

Answer 27

refers to a system of coordinating relations between three or more global actors, usually in pursuit of specific objectives.

Question 28

global governance

Answer 28

refers to the loose framework of global rules and regulations upheld by the founding of permanent international institutions, the codification of international law and the establishment of international norms (values and principles that inform global standards and expectations).

Question 29

non-government organisations

Answer 29

are non-profit or charitable groups whose purpose is to address a social or political issue and who are independent of government

Question 30

Stakeholder

Answer 30

Is an individual or entity that has a particular interest in an organisation process or outcome

Question 31

Coroporations

Answer 31

are entities that conduct business operations in pursuit of profit; they may be owned or controlled by wealthy individuals, shareholders, governments, or some combination thereof

Question 32

Transnational corporations

Answer 32

are entities that conduct their operations across muliple states and due to their size can have singnifcant influence on flow of global production trade commerce and investment

Question 33

Social movements

Answer 33

are groups of individuals who through some organised effort seek to achieve a certain social change or political goal

Question 34

legitimacy

Answer 34

is the perception that an act actor group or instituion is justified in its exercise of power; legitimacy is thought to transform power into authority

Question 35

authority