Glossary Flashcards
(32 cards)
What does ‘alum’ mean?
The common name for the chemical aluminium potassium sulfate
What does ‘pressure’ mean?
Force
What is an aqueous solution?
The solution in which water is the solvent
What is centrifuging?
Separating a mixture by rotating the container quickly. The heavier parts of the mixture move toward the outside.
What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical change in which one or more new chemical substances is produced
What is a colloid?
A mixture in which extremely small particles of one substance are spread evenly throughout another substance
What does ‘concentrated’ mean?
A solution with a large amount of solute
What is crystallisation?
A separation technique that uses evaporation to separate the parts of a solution. The solvent evaporates and leaves behind the solute as crystals
What is decanting?
Pouring liquid off the top when sediment has settled to the bottom of the container.
What is dilution?
The process of adding more solvent to a solution to make it less concentrated
What does dissolved mean?
Describes a substance that has mixed completely with a liquid so that it is no longer visible.
What does distillation mean?
A separation technique that uses evaporation to separate substances. The vapour is collected and condenses into a liquid.
What is emulsion?
A colloid with droplets of one liquid spread evenly through another
What does evaporate mean?
To change a liquid to a gas
What is the filtrate?
Liquid that has passed through a filter, that is a porous material through which fluid can pass while suspended particles are retained
What is filtration
The process of separating suspended particles from fluid through a filter
What is flocculation?
The process of adding a chemical to a suspension to create flocs, which settle to the bottom
What is insoluble?
Describes a substance that will not dissolve in a liquid
What is plasma?
The yellowish, liquid part of blood that contains water, minerals, food and wastes from cells
What are platelets?
small bodies involved in blood clotting. They are responsible for healing by clumping together around a wound
What are red blood cells?
red blood cells: living cells in the blood that transport oxygen to all other living cells in the body. Oxygen is carried by the red pigment, haemoglobin
What is reverse osmosis?
a technique by which a fluid moves under pressure through a membrane from a high solute concentration to a lesser concentration; used to purify water
What does saturated mean?
unable to dissolve any more solute
What is a sediment?
Insoluble substances that collect at the bottom of a container are sediments.
