GLOSSARY Flashcards
(295 cards)
1
Q
manuscript format
A
An appropriate format for longer, more formal reports.
2
Q
cross-functional team
A
A team that has members from various departments within a company or from various organizations.
3
Q
feedback
A
The verbal and nonverbal responses of the receiver during the communication process.
4
Q
compose
A
The third stage in Phase 2 of the writing process, which involves preparing the first draft of a message.
5
Q
intranet
A
An Internet-like network that belongs to a company and is accessible only to its employees.
6
Q
introduction
A
The part of a presentation where the speaker captures listeners’ attention and gets them involved, identifies himself or herself and builds credibility, and previews the main points.
7
Q
agenda
A
A list of topics to be discussed during a meeting.
8
Q
multimedia slides
A
Computer presentation slides prepared using software such as PowerPoint, Apple Keynote, Lotus Freelance Graphics, Corel Presentations, Adobe Presenter, or Adobe Ovation that contain sound, videos, and hyperlinks.
9
Q
memorandum
A
A written document used for informal internal communication.
10
Q
multitasking
A
Working on more than one task or job at once.
11
Q
Font
A
Refers to a specific style (such as italic) within a typeface family (such as Times New Roman).
12
Q
grids
A
A pattern of horizontal and vertical lines on which raw data can be plotted and analyzed.
13
Q
clauses
A
A group of words that has a subject and a verb.
14
Q
opinions
A
Beliefs that are held but without substantiation.
15
Q
Communication
A
The transmission of information and meaning from one individual or group to another.
16
Q
range
A
A statistical term that represents the span between the lowest and highest values calculated by subtracting the lowest figure from the highest figure.
17
Q
collaboration tools
A
Tools and technology that make it possible for people to work together when they cannot be in the same geographic location.
18
Q
metasearching
A
An online search tool that combines several powerful search engines into one.
19
Q
Buried verbs
A
A verb that is needlessly converted to a wordy noun expression, such as the verb consider being converted to give consideration to.
20
Q
Abstract
A
A brief summary of a proposal’s highlights intended for specialists or for technical readers.
21
Q
dual appeal
A
A persuasive technique that uses a combination of emotional and rational strategies.
22
Q
letter format
A
An appropriate form for short, informal reports prepared for readers outside an organization.
23
Q
convention
A
An organizational method that arranges data by following a prescribed pattern that all readers understand.
24
Q
individualism
A
A dimension of culture that refers to an attitude of independence and freedom from control.
25
good-guy syndrome
A situation that occurs when a person tries to make himself- or herself look better or the receiver feel better when delivering negative news.
26
Line charts
A thinking pattern common in low-context communicators, whereby they proceed from Point A to Point B to Point C to arrive at a conclusion.
27
conference calling
Telephone “bridges” that allow two or more callers from any location to share the same call; also called voice conferencing, teleconferencing, and audioconferencing.
28
business plan
A report outlining a proposed business that is critical in planning a new venture and securing capital support.
29
Consensus
A method of reaching a group decision whereby all team members voice their opinions and ultimately reach a general agreement.
30
revising
The third stage in Phase 1 of the writing process, which includes revising, proofreading, and evaluating.
31
Pivoting paragraphs
A paragraph that starts with a limiting sentence that offers a contrasting or negative idea before delivering the main sentence.
32
Group Interviews
An interview during which an interviewer meets with several candidates for the same position at the same time.
33
journals
A compilation of scholarly studies
34
decision matrix
A special grid that helps managers make the best choice among complex options.
35
rejection follow-up messages
A brief letter sent after being rejected for a job.
36
Bar charts
A visual aid used to compare related items, illustrate changes in data over time, and show segments as part of a whole.
37
ethnocentrism
The belief in the superiority of one’s own race; a natural attitude inherent in all cultures. Causes us to judge others by our own values.
38
fillers
Excess words that make sentences unnecessarily long (there is a manager who supervises hiring instead of a manger supervises hiring).
39
observation
A tool used to collect primary data by firsthand observation.
40
prewriting
The first stage in Phase 1 of the writing process, which includes analyzing, anticipating, and adapting messages to fit their purpose and audience.
41
formal research
Research (such as electronic searching, manual searching, investigating primary resources, and experimenting scientifically) that is often necessary for long reports and complex business problems.
42
communication style
A dimension of culture that refers to the way individuals communicate with words.
43
attention
The part of a sales message that is brief, relevant, and engaging in order to attract the reader’s attention.
44
Background
The section of a proposal that identifies the problem and discusses the goals or purposes of the project.
45
Instruction messages
A message that describe how to complete a task.
46
handouts
Pictures, outlines, brochures, articles, charts, summaries, or other supplements distributed to listeners during an oral presentation.
47
facts
Statements that are verifiable and often quantifiable.
48
fragment
An incomplete sentence.
49
dangling modifiers
A word or phrase that describes or limits a word or words that are missing from a sentence (Using a search tool, the Web site was finally found).
50
prototype
Mental representations based on general characteristics that are not fixed and rigid, but rather are open to new definitions.
51
frontloading
Another name for the direct pattern, putting the main idea first.
52
formality
A key dimension of culture that refers to an emphasis on tradition, ceremony, and social rules.
53
central selling points
One or two features that are emphasized in a sales letter.
54
direct strategy
The pattern used when a report opens with an introduction and is followed by the facts and a summary.
55
Research
The gathering of information.
56
correlations
A relationship among two or more variables does not necessarily suggest a cause-and-effect relationship.
57
conciseness
Expressing a message in as few words as possible.
58
Online catalogues
A computerized card catalogue that allows users to search for the location of a book and to determine whether it is currently available.
59
careless language
Statements that do not communicate what we intend and that could be damaging or misinterpreted.
60
anytime
An office that requires only a mobile phones and a wireless computer.
61
collectivist
A description of individuals or cultures that emphasize membership in organizations, groups, and teams and encourage acceptance of group values, duties, and decisions.
62
hidden job market
Jobs that are available but are not advertised in the classifieds or online or listed in job databases.
63
Analytical reports
A report that provides data, analysis, and conclusions and that may also offer recommendations.
64
informal research
Research (such as looking in files, talking to one's boss, interviewing a target audience, and conducting an informal survey) that is often necessary for preparing routine documents and presentations.
65
Mission Statement
The section of a business plan that describes the business and explains why it will succeed.
66
Awards, honours, and activities
This section of your resume that lists awards, scholarships, fellowships, dean’s list, honours, recognitions, commendations, certificates, and school, community, volunteer, and professional activities.
67
adjustment
A message that responds favorably to a claim.
68
parliamentary
Ground rules based on Robert’s Rules of Order, used by more formal groups.
69
almanacs
An annual publication containing useful facts and statistics in a specific field or area of interest.
70
Investigative reports
Reports that deliver data for specific, nonrecurring situations without offering interpretations or recommendations.
71
complaint messages
A message written by a customer to vent anger.
72
report introduction
The part of the report that tells the purpose of the report, describes the significance of the topic, and previews the main points.
73
outsourcing
Hiring an outside consultant, an independent contractor, or another company to perform a specific task or job.
74
controlled variables
An independent variable that is selected and controlled by the experimenter to determine its relationship to a dependent variable.
75
experimentation
A tool used to collect primary data by firsthand experimentation that suggests causes and effects.
76
project team
A group of people working together under time constraints to complete a specific project.
77
Jargon
Specialized or technical vocabulary used by a specific profession, field, or group.
78
independent clause
A grammatically complete clause that has a subject and a verb and may stand alone.
79
Minority
A method of reaching a group decision whereby a subcommittee investigates and makes a recommendation for action.
80
factoring
Breaking the major investigative problem of a report into sub problems to identify issues to be investigated or possible solutions to the main problem.
81
glass ceiling
Invisible barrier of attitudes, prejudices, and “old boy networks” blocking women from reaching important corporate positions.
82
brainstorming
A popular method of generating a wide variety of ideas about a topic or problem.
83
meeting
A gathering of people to discuss issues, pool information, solicit feedback, clarify policy, seek consensus, and solve problems.
84
Ethics
A set of principles that determines acceptable conduct.
85
news
Announces information about your company to the media, including new products, new managers, new facilities, sponsorships, participation in community projects, awards given or received, joint ventures, donations, or seminars and demonstrations; also called a press release.
86
lag time
The time during which a listener is waiting for a speaker’s next idea.
87
comma splice
A sentence error that results when two sentences are incorrectly joined, or spliced, together with a comma.
88
barriers
Anything that disrupts the communication process.
89
persuasion
The ability to use argument or discussion to change an individual’s beliefs or actions.
90
credibility
The quality of being believable or trustworthy.
91
Economical
Written concisely to save the reader time.
92
performing
The fourth phase of team development, during which information flows freely, deadlines are met, and production exceeds expectations.
93
hard skills
Technical skills such as software competency, accounting knowledge, scientific ability, and equipment operation.
94
hits
The number of times scanning software recognizes keywords in a résumé.
95
mode
A statistical measure that represents the value that occurs most frequently in a group of figures.
96
justified
A margin style in which lines are flush at both the left and right margins; also called ragged right.
97
Claim
A message written by a customer to identify or correct a wrong.
98
Currency
A criterion for evaluating Web sources to determine the date of the Web site, when the site was last updated, and how current the information on the site is.
99
operations and management
The section of a business plan that explains specifically how the business will be run, including location, equipment, personnel, and management.
100
Clarity
The quality of being clear and easy to understand.
101
evaluating
Deciding whether your message accomplishes your goal.
102
employment history
The section of your resume that includes employer information, dates of employment, job titles, and significant duties, activities, accomplishments, and promotions; can also be called work experience.
103
downward flow
Information flowing downward from decision makers through the chain of command to subordinates.
104
formal proposals
Longer proposals (from 5 to over 200 pages) organized into many parts that respond to big projects.
105
customer support team
A group of people working together to provide efficient and outstanding support to customers.
106
limitations
A part of the statement of purpose that presents the conditions that affect the generalizability and utility of a report’s findings.
107
letter proposals
An informal proposal that is presented in a short (two- to four-page) letter.
108
6 × 6 rule
A rule that says each slide in a multimedia presentation should contain no more than six bullets per screen and no more than six words per bullet.
109
coherence
Unified writing that occurs when one idea leads logically to the next.
110
apology
An admission of blameworthiness and regret for an undesirable event
111
ragged right
A margin style in which lines are flush at both the left and right margins; also called justified.
112
e-mail sales messages
Sales messages sent to customers via e-mail.
113
quota
A prescribed minimum or maximum number.
114
Gender Biased
Sexist language that seems to exclude or stereotype an individual based on his or her gender.
115
etiquette
Rules governing socially acceptable behavior and courtesy.
116
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
An international agreement that promotes open trade globally
117
authorization request
The section at the end of a proposal that requests approval.
118
low-context cultures
Communicators in these cultures (such as North America, Scandinavia, and Germany) tend to be logical, analytical, and action-oriented.
119
clichés
An expression that has been used so frequently that it is no longer meaningful or useful.
120
libel
Abusive language that is placed in writing.
121
empathy
The ability to understand and enter into the feelings of another.
122
norming
The third phase of team development, during which tensions among team members subside, roles are clarified, and information begins to flow among members.
123
cover letter
A letter used to introduce a résumé, highlight a job seeker’s strengths in terms of reader benefits, and gain an interview also called a letter of application.
124
podcast
A blog that contains audio.
125
primary sources
An original source (such as a Web site, traffic count, questionnaire, interview, or focus group) that is used to generate firsthand, primary information.
126
Primary data
Data that result from firsthand experience and observation.
127
Active voice
Sentences in which the subject is the doer of the action (Brandon sent the message).
128
Cloud computing
When companies pay for hardware storage space and software applications, which are used to access applications and data stored online by using a Web browser.
129
design techniques
A method of using vertical lists, headings, capital letters, underlining, bold type, italics, or blank space to spotlight ideas.
130
proofread
To correct the grammar, spelling, punctuation, format, and mechanics of a message.
131
run-on (fused)
A sentence error that results when two complete thoughts are joined without proper punctuation.
132
interests
The part of a sales message that convinces the audience that the request is reasonable.
133
business letter
A primary channel of communication for delivering messages outside of an organization.
134
diversity
Differences in such factors as race, ethnicity, religion, language, and nationality that exist among groups in a community or geographic region.
135
Parallelism
A writing technique that uses similar construction to achieve balanced writing (of the people, by the people, for the people).
136
activity reports
Recurring reports written at regular intervals to keep management informed of operations. See periodic reports.
137
Body
The principal section of a formal business report; it discusses, analyzes, interprets, and evaluates the research findings or solution to the initial problem.
138
e-commerce
Internet-based businesses.
139
indirect strategy
The pattern used when a report opens with an introduction and background information and ends with the conclusion and recommendations.
140
context
A key dimension of culture that refers to the stimuli, environment, or ambience surrounding an event.
141
Expanded statement of purpose
A statement of purpose that defines the scope, describes the limitations of the report, and explains the significance of the problem.
142
hiring/placement interviews
An interview during which a hiring manager determines whether a candidate is motivated, qualified, and a good fit for the position.
143
application form
A form that some organizations require job applications to fill out instead of, or in addition to, submitting resumes.
144
communication skills
Reading, listening, nonverbal, speaking, and writing skills that allow one to communicate effectively with others.
145
parallel construction
Balanced sentence structure.
146
ombudsman
A mediator who hears employee complaints, investigates, and seeks to resolve problems fairly.
147
Informal proposals
Proposals presented in short (two- to four-page) letters; sometimes called letter proposals.
148
passive voice
Sentences in which the subject is acted upon (The message was sent by Brandon).
149
personal anecdotes
A personal story used to enliven a presentation or to illustrate a point.
150
progress reports
Reports that describe the status of projects.
151
Actionable
Likely to result in a lawsuit.
152
Purposeful
Having a specific purpose or goal.
153
plain-text résumé
An electronic version of a résumé that is suitable for e-mailing or pasting into online résumé bank submission forms also called an ASCII résumé.
154
Adaptation / Adapting
The process of creating a message that suits an audience.
155
nonterritorial workspaces
An unassigned workspace that is up for grabs by employees; also called a mobile platform or nonterritorial workspace.
156
financial analysis
The section of a business plan that includes a realistic start-up budget and a projected operating budget.
157
direct claims
A claim to which the writer expects the receiver to agree immediately.
158
Accuracy
A criterion for evaluating Web sources to determine the reliability of the facts presented on the Web page, any evidence of bias, the availability of footnotes, and the accuracy of spelling, grammar, and usage.
159
misplaced modifiers
A word or phrase that is unclear because it is not close to the word it describes (After being in the refrigerator for a week, Lauren said the milk tasted bad).
160
covers
The part of a formal business report that encloses the report in vinyl or heavy paper binders to protect the pages and to give a professional, finished appearance.
161
critical thinking
The mental process of analyzing and evaluating information, statements, and observations in order to make sound decisions.
162
Citation formats
A method, such as MLA and APA, of directing readers to sources with parenthetical notes inserted into the text and with bibliographies.
163
multiethnic
Involving various ethnic groups.
164
persuasive requests
A message that requests a favor or action that will require the reader to be persuaded.
165
phishing
The fraudulent use of email to persuade recipients to disclose personal information.
166
formal report
A report that represents the end product of thorough investigation and analysis and presents ordered information to decision makers in business, industry, government, and education.
167
extemporaneously
Speaking freely without reading from notes.
168
Functional headings
Headings used in routine reports that describe functions or general topics, such as Background or Findings.
169
Card catalogues
An index of a library’s holdings indexed on 3-×-5 cards (7.6 × 12.7 cm.) and alphabetized by author, title, or subject.
170
behavioural questions
Interview questions that require job candidates to tell stories about specific skills and accomplishments.
171
presence functionality
A benefit of instant and text messaging that allows coworkers to be able to locate one another online.
172
agreement
A form of buffer that makes a relevant statement with which both reader and receiver can agree.
173
Flowcharts
A visual aid that uses standard symbols to illustrate a process or procedure.
174
Executive summary
A brief, nontechnical summary of the highlights of a proposal, business plan, or report intended for managers.
175
Letter of transmittal
A letter presenting a proposal, business plan, or report that is addressed to a person outside the organization who is designated to receive the document and who will make the final decision.
176
outlines
A tool used to organize ideas into a hierarchy.
177
emotional appeals
A persuasive technique that is related to status, ego, and sensual feelings.
178
Internal communication
Communication that involves exchanging ideas and messages with superiors, coworkers, and subordinates within an organization.
179
digital dirt
Web-based information about a job candidate, accessible via sites such as Google or Facebook, that may harm his or her chances during a job search.
180
informational reports
A report that presents data without analysis or recommendations.
181
channels
The medium over which a message is physically transmitted, such as computer, phone, written document, or spoken word.
182
information worker
Someone who works with technology.
183
buffer
A device to reduce shock or pain opens a negative message with a neutral, concise, relevant, and upbeat statement that makes the reader continue reading.
184
budget
The section of a proposal that lists proposed project costs.
185
conclusion
The part of a presentation that summarizes the main themes of a presentation, leaves the audience with a specific and memorable "take-away," and includes a statement that allows the speaker to leave the podium gracefully.
186
Abusive language
Language that can result in a lawsuit.
187
m-commerce
Mobile technology businesses.
188
market analysis
The section of a business plan that discusses market characteristics, trends, projected growth, customer behavior, complementary products and services, barriers to entry, customer identification, and the strengths and weaknesses of direct and indirect competitors.
189
graphic
Graphs, artwork, and other visuals used to clarify and illustrate data.
190
chronological résumé
A résumé that lists work history job by job, starting with the most recent position.
191
Career Objective
A brief statement on a résumé that summarizes a job seeker’s career goal.
192
flabby expressions
Wordy expressions, usually involving prepositional phrases, that could be written more concisely.
193
Bulleted lists
A list used to highlight items that don’t necessarily show a chronology.
194
informational reports
Reports that present data without analysis or recommendations.
195
Literature review
The part of a formal report introduction that summarizes what other authors and researchers have published on the topic, especially for academic and scientific reports.
196
proposal
A report written to solve problems, provide services, or sell products can be solicited or unsolicited, formal or informal.
197
Averaging
A method of reaching a group decision whereby members haggle, cajole, and negotiate to reach a compromise.
198
Action
The part of a sales message that tells readers what you want done and that gives them a reason for doing it.
199
open rate
Those e-mail sales messages that are opened by receivers.
200
posture
The way a person positions or arranges his or her body parts.
201
Authority
A criterion for evaluating Web sources to determine who publishes or sponsors a Web page, what makes the presenter an authority, and whether information about the creator is available.
202
receiver
The individual in the communication process to whom the message is intended or sent.
203
grapevine
An informal communication channel that carries organizationally relevant information, gossip, and rumors.
204
data
Can be primary or secondary; primary data result from firsthand experience and observation, and secondary data come from reading what others have experienced and observed.
205
mobile platforms
An unassigned workspace that is up for grabs by employees; also called a mobile platform or nonterritorial workspace.
206
justification / recommendation reports
Reports that justify or recommend something.
207
request for proposal
A document written by companies to solicit competitive bids.
208
Direct paragraphs
A paragraph that begins with the main sentence, followed by supporting sentences.
209
Organization charts
A visual aid used to show the line of command and the flow of effective communication from management to employees.
210
qualifications
The assets you have to offer employers.
211
product or service description
The section of a business plan that explains what product or service will be provided, how it will benefit customers, and why it is better than existing products or services.
212
phrase
A group of words without a subject and a verb.
213
Persuasive claims
A message written by a customer to identify a wrong and persuade a company to correct it often called a complaint.
214
Authority rule with discussion
A method of reaching a group decision whereby the leader makes the final decision after listening to members’ ideas and discussion.
215
globalization
The integration of economic, social, and political systems across geographic boundaries, allowing worldwide business and communication.
216
indirect paragraphs
A paragraph that begins with supporting sentences and ends with the main sentence.
217
resignation letters
A formal letter sent to document a resignation from a position.
218
Organize
The second stage in Phase 2 of the writing process, which involves sequencing a message in a way that helps the reader understand relationships and accept the writer’s views.
219
interim reports
Reports that monitor the status of continuing projects; also called progress reports.
220
report
A written document that answers questions and solves problems.
221
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
An agreement that expands free trade among Canada, the United States, and Mexico.
222
Instant messaging (IM)
Exchanging messages in real time using an instant messaging (IM) service.
223
empty words
A word that is unnecessary and adds nothing to a sentence.
224
List of illustrations
A list of the tables and figures included in a formal proposal or business report.
225
interoffice memo
A paper-based communication channel used for internal messages that require a permanent record or formality.
226
Business reports
Systematic attempt to convey information, answer questions, and solve problems.
227
interview
A tool used to collect primary data by questioning individuals.
228
Really Simple Syndication (RSS)
Allows the distribution of current information published in podcasts, blogs, video files, and news items.
229
Analytical reports
Reports that provide data, analysis, and conclusions and that may also offer recommendations.
230
request messages
A routine message in which a person requests information or action.
231
headings
Structural clues that highlight major ideas in a report, allowing busy readers to see the big picture at a glance.
232
résumé
A document outlining a person’s career objective, education, work experience, special skills, and other job-related information.
233
Best case/worst case
An organizational pattern in which a presentation presents the best case scenario followed by the worst case scenario, or vice versa.
234
forming
The first phase of team development, during which team members get to know one another and discuss fundamental topics.
235
Appendix(es)
The part of a proposal, business plan, or report that contains ancillary material of interest.
236
Positive language
Expressions that create goodwill and give more options to receivers.
237
appreciation
A form of buffer that conveys thanks to the reader for doing business, for sending something, for conveying confidence in your organization, for expressing feelings, or for providing feedback.
238
Rational appeals
A persuasive technique that is associated with reason and intellect.
239
networking
Developing lists, making contacts, and following up on referrals during a job search.
240
Main Heading
The first part of a résumé that includes a job seeker’s name, address, telephone number, and e-mail address.
241
Discriminative listening
Listening that is necessary when a person must understand and remember.
242
low-level diction
Using unprofessional vocabulary and slang.
243
External communication
Communication that involves exchanging ideas and messages with customers, suppliers, the government, and the public.
244
opening
The part of a routine e-mail message, memo, or letter that announces the purpose of the message.
245
functional résumé
A résumé that focuses attention on a candidate’s skills rather than on past employment.
246
closing
The end of an e-mail message, memo, or letter that usually contains action information, dates, or deadlines a summary of the message or a closing thought.
247
high-context cultures
Communicators in these cultures (such as Japan, China, and Arab countries) tend to be intuitive and contemplative.
248
Limiting Sentence
A sentence that opposes the primary idea of a paragraph by suggesting a negative or contrasting thought.
249
long lead-ins
Unnecessary introductory words (I am writing this letter to inform you that).
250
postscripts
A P.S. included in many sales messages to reveal your strongest motivator, to add a special inducement for a quick response, or to reemphasize a central selling point.
251
Knowledge workers
Someone whose job involves developing or using knowledge and information.
252
Chronology
An organizational method that orders a presentation by establishing a chronology of events.
253
component
An organizational method that arranges data by components such as location, geography, division, product, or part.
254
culture
The complex system of values, traits, morals, and customs shared by the members of a society.
255
purpose statement
A statement that defines the focus of a report and provides a standard that keeps the project on focus.
256
Panel Interviews
An interview during which the job candidate is interviewed by a panel of two more individuals, usually those who will be the employee’s supervisors and colleagues.
257
Dovetailing
Connecting the idea at the end of one sentence with an idea at the beginning of the next sentence.
258
recommendations
The section of a formal business report that makes precise suggestions for action to solve the report problem.
259
memo format
An appropriate format for short, informal reports written for circulation within an organization.
260
goodwill messages
A message that carries good wishes, warm feelings, and sincere thoughts to friends, customers, and employees.
261
memo of transmittal
A memo written to the recipient of an internal formal business report; announces the topic of the report, tells how it was authorized, briefly describes the project, highlights the report’s findings, conclusions, and recommendations, and expresses appreciation.
262
rapport
A relationship of mutual understanding, harmony, or agreement.
263
mini-agenda
Notes taken before a telephone call regarding all the topics you need to discuss.
264
compliment
A form of buffer that praises the receiver’s accomplishments, organization, or efforts.
265
freebies
Coupons, samples, or gifts sent by companies to restore customer confidence and to promote future business.
266
Descriptiveness
An attitude that requires one to use concrete and specific feedback to achieve intercultural competence.
267
dependent clause
A group of words with a subject and a verb that depends for meaning on an independent clause and, therefore, cannot stand alone.
268
Critical listening
Listening that enables a person to judge and evaluate what he or she is hearing.
269
malware
Malicious software designed to disrupt the operation of a network or computer.
270
readability
A measure of how easily a document can be read.
271
Majority
A method of reaching a group decision whereby group members vote and a majority wins.
272
goodwill
A positive feeling the reader has toward an individual or an organization.
273
Defamation
The legal term for any false statement that harms an individual’s reputation.
274
Capabilities and skills
The section of your resume that lists special skills, proficiencies acquired through training and experience, and exceptional aptitudes.
275
blogs
A personal online journal in reverse-chronological order that is updated frequently and on which readers can comment.
276
design team
A group of people who draft product designs, generate prototypes, and perform other similar tasks.
277
references
Individuals who are willing to answer questions about a job seeker’s qualifications for employment.
278
documentation
The credit given to information sources.
279
nonjudgmentalism
An attitude that prevents defensive reactions from communicators.
280
prejudice
Judgment that forms when a stereotype develops into a rigid attitude and when it is based on erroneous beliefs or perceptions.
281
Content
A criterion for evaluating Web sources to determine the purpose of the Web page, the intended audience, and the value of the content.
282
phone conferencing
A collaboration tool in which one or more people in a work area use an enhanced speakerphone to confer with others by telephone; also called audioconferencing, conference calling, or phone conferencing.
283
applicant tracking system
Software used to read incoming resumes, scanning for keywords.
284
hyperlinks
Hot spots on the screen that allow a presenter to jump instantly to sources outside the multimedia presentation.
285
letter of application
A letter of application used to introduce a resume, highlight your strengths in terms of benefits to the employer, and gain an interview; can be solicited or unsolicited; also called a cover letter.
286
groupthink
Faulty decision-making processes in which team members are overly eager to agree with one another.
287
professionalism
The specific conduct and qualities of a person who is considered to be businesslike and courteous in the workplace.
288
Introductory verbal phrases
A phrase that appears at the beginning of a sentence and contains a verb form.
289
Resale
A statement that attempts to convince a customer to purchase goods or services; also called sales promotion.
290
Nonverbal communication
All unwritten and unspoken messages, both intentional and unintentional, including eye contact, facial expressions, body movement, space, time, distance, and appearance.
291
e-portfolio
A collection of digitized materials that provides viewers with a snapshot of a job seeker’s performance, talents, and accomplishments.
292
feasibility reports
Reports that examine the practicality and advisability of following a course of action.
293
conversational
Using an informal tone instead of a formal, pretentious tone.
294
audioconferencing
A collaboration tool in which one or more people in a work area use an enhanced speakerphone to confer with others by telephone; also called teleconferencing, conference calling, or phone conferencing
295
plain language
Using clear, concise language that avoids showy words, long sentences, and confusing expressions.
