Glossary terms

Question 1

Describe Bark seams

Answer 1

Seams of bark extending into or embedded in the log

Question 2

Describe cat face

Answer 2

A defect on the surface of the tree or log resulting from a wound where healing has not reestablished the normal cross section

Question 3

Describe check and the three types

Answer 3

A separation of the wood, perpendicular to the grain.

Types of check :
End check
Weather check
Surface check

Question 4

Describe clear

Answer 4

Free of knots and stain, and at least 2.5m long in the case of lumber. Clear shingles must be free of knots, insect damage and meet the minimum shingle dimensions

Question 5

Describe gross scale

Answer 5

The volume of a log inside the bark and includes unsound wood and holes in log

Question 6

Describe gross volume

Answer 6

Total inside bark volume and includes any defects

Question 7

Describe gross weight

Answer 7

The weight of a load, including the truck weight, before unloading

Question 8

What does the list of permissible defects refer to?

Answer 8

Defects that are common to the species and a defect may not appear if it is not a common defect or does not effect that species.

Question 9

What is lumber

Answer 9

Lumber must be 2.5m long, free of rot and fractures.

Question 10

What is merchantable lumber

Answer 10

Good, strong, general purpose lumber graded as better than utility or number 3, and not less than 2.5m long ( assessed based on twist and knots)

Question 11

What is Net firmwood volume

Answer 11

The volume remaining after all allowable firmwood deductions for defects from gross volume have been made.

Question 12

Describe Peeler block

Answer 12

A segment of a logs length, usually 2.6m, suitable for the manufacture of veneer

Question 13

Piece scale

Answer 13

The scaling method where each piece is scaled by recording the timber mark, species and by taking its length, top and Butt diameters, deducting for defects, and assigning a grade.

Question 14

Describe Pistol grip

Answer 14

A pronounced bend at the butt of a log resembling the shape of a pistol

Question 15

Describe pitch ring (silt shake)

Answer 15

An accumulation of pitch or resin fully or partially around the circumference of an annual ring,where there is no wood separation.

Where pitch ring is only at one end of a log, no loss for lumber or plywood is considered.

When pitch ring is at both ends the of a log the log is treated as tight ring shake.

Question 16

Describe pith

Answer 16

Centre of the primary tissue which the annual rings form around.

Question 17

What is the return number (raft number)

Answer 17

A unique number in conjunction with the scalers licence number and date. It is assigned to a parcel of timber by the scaler. Scaler assigns #0001 to their first parcel scaled and continues to 9999. Then restarts the process once reached number. Uniqueness determined with date + number

Question 18

Describe ring shake

Answer 18

A separation of wood following the circumference or part of he circumference of an annual ring

Question 19

Describe sample scaling

Answer 19

A method of scaling where only a portion of the total production is piece scaled. This is done in weight scaling and some special forest products

Question 20

What is a scaler

Answer 20

A person who is licence or appointed to scale timber under the forest act

Question 21

Describe shop grade

Answer 21

Refers to clear lumber at least 2.5m long, which is cut out from between two large knots

Question 22

Describe a stack

Answer 22

In scaling terms it’s an arrangement of bolts less than or equal to 2.6m class in length

Question 23

Describe Trim allowance

Answer 23

The sound wood surrounding rot and other defects made in grade deductions to account in for loss in lumber recovery