Glossary Terms for Chapter 2 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Allotropes
Allotropes are different forms of carbon- amorphous, graphite and diamond
Define alloy
A mixture of base metals and small amounts of other elements that make it stronger to use
Define annealing
Annealing is a process in which a metal is heated until red hot then allowed to cool naturally. Also known as normalising.
What is a base metal?
A base metal is the main metal in an alloy
Describe brittle
Brittle is if it is shattered when hit
Define carat
Carat is a scale for measuring the purity of gold
Describe ductile
Ductile is able to be stretched into wires
Describe lustrous
Lustrous is if it shines when polished or freshly cut
Describe malleable
Malleable is bendy or able to be hammered into new shapes
What is a metalloid?
A metalloid is an element that usually displays the properties of non metals but conducts electricity like a metal under certain conditions. Metalloid is also known as a semi metal.
What is the periodic table?
The periodic table is a list of all the known 118 elements
What is quenching?
Quenching is a process in which a heated metal is cooled rapidly by dropping it into water
What is stainless steel?
Stainless steel is a restless alloy of steel that includes chromium and nickel and is good to use for body piercings.
What is steel?
Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon
What is tempering?
Tempering is a process in which a metal is heated, cooled rapidly or quenched, then reheated.
What is an acid?
A substance that releases hydrogen ions into an aqueous solution
What is an alkali?
An alkali is a base that dissolves in water
What is an alkaline solution?
An alkali solution is a solution made of a base or alkali and water
What is a base?
A base is a substance that releases hydroxide ions
What is a hydrogen ion?
H+ , released by acids
What is a hydroxide ion?
OH- , formed by bases
What is an indicator?
An indicator is a chemical that changes colour to show whether a substance is acidic, neutral or basic.
What is litmus paper?
Litmus paper is a common indicator that turns red in the presence of an acid and blue in the presence of a base.
What is pH?
pH is a scale used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution.
