Gluteal Region

Question 1

Which bundle of nerves innervates the gluteal region?

Answer 1

Sacral plexus

Question 2

Which muscle is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve?

Answer 2

Gluteus maximus

Question 3

Which muscles are innervated by the superior gluteal nerve?

Answer 3

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor of fascia lata

Question 4

What is the iliotibial tract and where does it insert?

Answer 4

Lateral thickening of fascia sleeve; Lateral condyle of tibia

Question 5

Which muscles follow the iliotibial tract to their insertion?

Answer 5

Gluteus maximus and tensor of fascia lata

Question 6

Where does gluteus maximus originate?

Answer 6

From posterior ileum to posterior gluteal line

Question 7

Where does gluteus medius originate?

Answer 7

Between the posterior gluteal line and anterior gluteal line

Question 8

Where does gluteus minimus originate?

Answer 8

Between the anterior gluteal line and inferior gluteal line

Question 9

Where does the sciatic nerve usually exit the pelvic region?

Answer 9

Inferior to piriformis through the greater sciatic foramen

Question 10

Which 4 muscles insert at the medial aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur?

Answer 10

Obturator internus
Obturator externus
Superior gamellus
Inferior gamellus

Question 11

What is the quadrate tubercle?

Answer 11

Midpoint of intertrochanteric crest

Question 12

What is the linea aspera?

Answer 12

A groove on the posterior aspect of the femur that swings laterally to the gluteal tuberosity

Question 13

Where is piriformis found in relation to the gluteal muscles?

Answer 13

At the inferior border of gluteus medius/minimus

Question 14

Where does gluteus maximus originate?

Answer 14

Ilium: posterior to PGL
Sacrum
Sacrotuberous ligament

Question 15

Where does gluteus maximus insert?

Answer 15

Gluteal tuberosity of femur

Lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract

Question 16

Which actions does gluteus maximus contribute to?

Answer 16

Extension of femur (back)
Lateral rotation of femur

Abduction of femur (by upper fibres)
Adduction of femur (by lower fibres)

Question 17

What nerve innervates gluteus maximus?

Answer 17

Inferior gluteal nerve

Question 18

Which muscle from the upper body is gluteus medius similar to?

Answer 18

Deltoid

Question 19

Where does gluteus medius originate?

Answer 19

Ilium: between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Question 20

Where does gluteus medius insert?

Answer 20

Greater trochanter of femur: Lateral aspect

Question 21

Which actions does gluteus medius contribute to?

Answer 21

Abduction of femur
Medial rotation and flexion at hip (by anterior fibres)
Lateral rotation and extension at hip (by posterior fibres)
Steadies pelvis when opposite limb is raised

Question 22

Which nerve innervates gluteus medius?

Answer 22

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 23

Where does gluteus minimus originate?

Answer 23

Ilium: between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Question 24

Where does gluteus minimus insert?

Answer 24

Greater trochanter of femur: anterior aspect

Question 25

Which actions does gluteus minimus contribute to?

Answer 25

Abduction of femur Medial rotation and flexion at hip Steadies pelvis when opposite limb is raised

Question 26

Which nerve innervates gluteus minimus?

Answer 26

Superior gluteal line

Question 27

What is trandelenberg gait?

Answer 27

Hip of unaffected side drops due to weak hip abductors (i.e., gluteus minimus/medius)

Question 28

Where does tensor of fascia lata originate?

Answer 28

ASIS | Iliac crest

Question 29

Where does tensor of fascia lata insert?

Answer 29

Lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract

Question 30

Which actions does tensor of fascia lata contribute to?

Answer 30

Abduction of femur Medial rotation of femur Flexion at hip

Question 31

Which nerve innervates tensor of fascia lata?

Answer 31

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 32

Where does the superior gluteal nerve exit the pelvic region?

Answer 32

Through the greater sciatic foramen on the superior border of piriformis

Question 33

Where does the inferior gluteal nerve exit the pelvic region?

Answer 33

Through the greater sciatic foramen on the inferior border of piriformis

Question 34

Between which gluteal muscles does the superior gluteal nerve pass?

Answer 34

Between gluteus medius and gluteus minimus, toward tensor fascia lata (anteriorly)

Question 35

Where does the inferior gluteal nerve travel in the gluteal region?

Answer 35

It empties into gluteus maximus

Question 36

Which muscles are considered small lateral rotators at hip?

Answer 36

``` Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris ```

Question 37

Which muscle of the small lateral rotators of the hip does NOT abduct the thigh? Why?

Answer 37

Quadratus femoris; it is horizontally situated, rather than diagonal

Question 38

Which actions do all of the small lateral rotators of the hip contribute to?

Answer 38

Lateral rotation at hip joint | Stabilize head of femur in acetabulum

Question 39

Which actions does obturator externus contribute to?

Answer 39

Assists in lateral rotation of thigh | Stabilizes hip joint

Question 40

Where does superior gemellus originate?

Answer 40

Ischial spine

Question 41

Where does inferior gemellus originate?

Answer 41

Ischial tuberosity

Question 42

Where does obturator externus originate?

Answer 42

Anterior aspect of hip bone

Question 43

Where does quadratus femoris originate?

Answer 43

Anterior aspect of ischial tuberosity