Gluteal region

Question 1

Identify the surface features of the gluteal region

Answer 1

Bounded superiorly by iliac crests and inferiorly by gluteal sulcus.
Intergluteal cleft is between the buttocks
Greater trochanter of femur marks lateral extent

Question 2

Identify the bony landmarks of the gluteal region

Answer 2

Iliac crests

Greater trochanter of femur

Question 3

What are the lines that define the quadrants of the gluteal region?

Answer 3

From PSIS to the width of the greater trochanter

Extended from the midpoint of the iliac crest

Question 4

What are the superficial muscles of the gluteal region?

Answer 4

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus

Question 5

Proximal attachment of the gluteus maximus

Answer 5

Iliac crest, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx

Question 6

Distal attachment of the gluteus maximus

Answer 6

Iliotibial tract

Some fibres to the gluteal tuberosity of femur

Question 7

Innervation of the gluteus maximus

Answer 7

Inferior gluteal nerve

Question 8

Action of the gluteus maximus

Answer 8

Main extensor of the hip

Question 9

Proximal attachment of the gluteus medius

Answer 9

Gluteal surface of the ilium

Question 10

Distal attachment of the gluteus medius

Answer 10

Lateral surface of greater trochanter

Question 11

Innervation of the gluteus medius

Answer 11

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 12

Action of the gluteus medius

Answer 12

Adducts and medially rotates the hip.

Question 13

Proximal attachment of the gluteus minimus

Answer 13

Gluteal surface of ilium

Question 14

Distal attachment of the gluteal minimus

Answer 14

Anterior side of the greater trochanter

Question 15

Action of the gluteus minimus

Answer 15

Abducts and medially rotates the lower limb.

Question 16

Innervation of the gluteus minimus

Answer 16

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 17

During locomotion the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus also have what action?

Answer 17

Securest the pelvis and prevents pelvic drop of the opposite limb

Question 18

What are the deep muscles of the gluteal region?

Answer 18

Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Quadratus femoris

Question 19

Proximal attachment of the piriformis

Answer 19

Anterior surface of the sacrum

Question 20

Distal attachment of the piriformis

Answer 20

Greater trochanter of femur

Question 21

Action of the piriformis

Answer 21

Lateral rotation and abduction

Question 22

Innervation of the piriformis

Answer 22

Nerve to piriformis

Question 23

Proximal attachment of the obturator internus

Answer 23

Pubis and ischium at the obturator foramen

Question 24

Distal attachment of the obturator internus

Answer 24

Greater trochanter

Question 25

Action of the obturator internus

Answer 25

Lateral rotation and abduction

Question 26

Innervation of the obturator internus

Answer 26

Nerve to obturator internus

Question 27

Proximal attachment of the gemelli

Answer 27

Superior gemellus: ischial spine | Inferior gemellus: ischial tuberosity

Question 28

Action of the gemelli

Answer 28

Lateral rotation and abduction

Question 29

Innervation of the gemelli

Answer 29

Superior gemellus: nerve to obturator internus | Inferior gemellus: nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 30

Proximal attachment of the quadratus femoris

Answer 30

Lateral side of the ischial tuberosity

Question 31

Distal attachment of the quadratus femoris

Answer 31

Quadrate tuberosity on the intertrochanteric crest

Question 32

Action of the quadratus femoris

Answer 32

Lateral rotation

Question 33

Innervation of the quadratus femoris

Answer 33

Nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 34

What are the spinal nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 34

L4-S3

Question 35

What is the course of the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region?

Answer 35

Forms in the lumbosacral plexus Emerges into the middles of gluteal region Leaves region to enter post. compartment of the thigh

Question 36

What are the spinal nerve roots of the pudendal nerve?

Answer 36

S2-S4

Question 37

What is the course of the pudendal nerve in the gluteal region?

Answer 37

Forms in sacral plexus | emerges in to middle of gluteal region

Question 38

What are the spinal nerve roots of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh?

Answer 38

S1-S3

Question 39

What is the course of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh in the gluteal region?

Answer 39

Forms in sacral plexus | Emerges into the middle of the gluteal region

Question 40

Intragluteal injections must be administered into what quadrant and why?

Answer 40

Superolateral quadrant to avoid injury to the sciatic nerve

Question 41

Injury to the superior gluteal nerve is associated with a trendelenburg gait because ________

Answer 41

The gluteus medius and minimus will no longer be able to stabilise the pelvis during locomotion