Glycolysis

Question 1

where does glycolysis occur

Answer 1

the cytosol

Question 2

phosphorylation of glucose (glycolysis step 1) enzyme involved

Answer 2

hexokinase

Question 3

product of first step of glycolysis (phosphorylation of glucose)

Answer 3

glucose-6-phosphate

Question 4

Conversion of glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) to ??? (glycolysis step 2) PRODUCT

Answer 4

fructose 6-phosphate

Question 5

step 3 of glycolysis: phosphorylation of F6P. Enzyme involved

Answer 5

phosphofruktokinase-1

Question 6

product of glycolysis step 3

Answer 6

fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

Question 7

glycolysis step 4: f1,6bp cleaves ??? into ??? and ???

Answer 7

cleavage of F1,6BP into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Question 8

Glycolysis step 5: Interconversion of the triose phosphates from ??? to ??? (To make 1,3-phosphoglycerate in step 6)

Answer 8

dihydroxyacetone to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Question 9

step 6: oxidation of ??? to ???

Answer 9

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-biphosphoglycerate

Question 10

NAD+ is a cofactor in which glycolysis step?

Answer 10

step 6, produces NADH

Question 11

step 7: phosphoryl transfer from 1,3-biphosphoglycerate to ??? to turn it into 3-phosphoglycerate and ???

Answer 11

ADP to turn it into ATP

Question 12

step 8: 3-phosphoglycerate is converted to ???

Answer 12

2-phosphoglycerate

Question 13

step 9: dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to ???

Answer 13

phosphoenolpyruvate

Question 14

step 10: Transfer of phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to
ADP produces ??? and ATP

Answer 14

pyruvate

Question 15

step 10 involves the enzyme ???

Answer 15

pyruvate kinase

Question 16

TRUE or FALSE: Overall ATP yield: 2ATP, 2NADH, 2 Pyruvate

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

glycolysis occurs under aerobic or anaerobic conditions?

Answer 17

anaerobic

Question 18

does glycolysis occur in faster rates in tumours? if so, what does this result in?

Answer 18

yes, it results in anaerobic metabolism because capillaries can’t provide enough aeration for tumours at the rate they grow.

Question 19

aerobic fate of pyruvate is… which then goes into the TCA cycle

Answer 19

Acetyl CoA

Question 20

oxidation of glucose by glycolysis occurs in which part of the cell?

Answer 20

cytoplasm

Question 21

how is NADH replenished when not enough oxygen to support aerobic oxidation of pyruvate?

Answer 21

NADH is synthesised via the reduction of pyruvate to lactate

Question 22

anaerobic fate of pyruvate is ??? and ???

Answer 22

ethanol production and lactate production

Question 23

can humans use the ethanol production pathway in the anaerobic fate of pyruvate? What are we missing?

Answer 23

no, humans don’t have pyruvate decarboxylase or alcohol dehydrogenase

Question 24

the two step reduction of pyruvate to ethanol is reversible or irreversible?

Answer 24

irreversible

Question 25

Lactate formed by ??? (or by erythrocytes) can be recycled.

Answer 25

active skeletal muscle

Question 26

pyruvate to lactate pathway involves the enzyme...?

Answer 26

lactate dehydrogenase