Glycolysis Flashcards
(19 cards)
Glucose>
glucose 6 phosphate
enz: hexokinase
atp>adp
glucose 6 phosphate>
fructose 6 phosphate
enz: phosphoglucose isomerase
fructose 6 phosphate>
fructose 1,6 bisphosphate
enz: phosphofructokinase 1
atp>adp
F 1,6 BisP>
dihydroxyacetone phosphate AND glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
enz: aldolase
dihydroxyacetone phosphate>
glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
enz: triose phosphate isomerase
(2x GAD3P produced in total)
G3P>
1,3 bisphosphoglycerate
enz: glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase
nad+ + pi >nadh + h+ (x2)
1,3 bisphosphoglycerate>
3 phosphogylcerate
enz: phosphoglycerate kinase
adp>atp (x2)
3 phosphogylcerate>
2 phosphogylcerate
enz: phosphoglycerate mutase
2 phosphoglycerate>
phosphoenolpyruvate
enz: enolase
>H20 (x2)
phosphoenolpyruvate>
pyruvate
enz: pyruvate kinase
adp>atp (x2)
net reaction of glycolysis
glucose + 2NAD+ + 2Pi + 2ADP > 2pyruvate + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2H2O + 2ATP
occurs where?
cytoplasm of cell
in aerobic or anaerobic resp?
glycolysis occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
where does the NADH product go?
oxidative phosphorylation
where does pyruvate go?
matrix (mitochondria) for link reaction (produces acetyl CoA)
preparatory and pay off phase?
prep phase= consume energy to convert glucose into GAD3P.
pay off phase is from GAD3P to pyruvate. Net gain of energy rich molecules ATP and NADH. Pay off phase occurs twice per glucose molecule, yielding 2ATP and 4NADH.
what is the rate limiting step?
step 1 - glucose availability
step 3 - PFK-1 activation/inhibition
positive regulators of glycolysis?
AMP, insulin
allosteric activation of PFK-1
negative regulators of glycolysis?
- H+ (acidic enviro) - PFK-1 is ph dependant
- ATP 3. citrate - allosteric inhibition (AMP opposes allosteric inhibition)
- glucagon
