Glycolysis & Gluconeogenesis

Question 1

Glycolysis means

Answer 1

splitting glucose

Question 2

The catabolism of .. to form 2 molecules of .. occurs in the .. and is an .. process

Answer 2

glucose
pyruvate
cytosol
anaerobic

Question 3

3 stages of glycolysis:

Answer 3

double phosphorylation of glucose
cleavage of glucose into 2, 3-c molecules
conversion of these to pyruvate

Question 4

step 1 of glycolysis:

Answer 4

ATP provides phosphate and energy to drive reaction, glucose phosphorylated, catalysed by hexokinase

Question 5

step 2 of glycolysis:

Answer 5

ring form of glucose-6 phosphate concerted to chain form, catalysed from phosphoglucose isomerase,

Question 6

Step 3 of glycolysis:

Answer 6

carbon 1 is phosphorylated, again ATP is used,

Question 7

step 4 of glycolysis:

Answer 7

fructose 1,6-bisphosphate cleaved to form 2 3-c molecules, catalysed by aldolase

Question 8

which molecule can progress directly to form pyruvate?

Answer 8

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Question 9

step 5 of glycolysis:

Answer 9

triose phoshpate isomerase is used to isomerise dihydroxyacetone into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Question 10

glycolysis step 6:

Answer 10

glyceraldehyde-6-phosphate converted to 1,3-bisphospglycerate. NAD+ is reduced to NADH

Question 11

glycolysis step 7:

Answer 11

phosphate attached to carbon 1 is donated to ADP to form ATP

Question 12

glycolysis step 8

Answer 12

2-phosphoglycerate by moving phopshate group from carbon 3 to carbon 2

Question 13

glycolysis step 9

Answer 13

water eliminated from 2-phosphoglycerate to from phosphoenolpyruvate, catalysed by enolase

Question 14

step 10 glycolysis

Answer 14

remainng phosphate group transferred to ADP to make pyruvate and ATP