GLYCOLYSIS & OXIDATION OF PYRUVATE

Question 1

Conversion of glucose to pyruvate

Answer 1

Glycolysis

Question 2

3 stages of glycolysis

Answer 2

Preparatory, cleavage, and payoff phases

Question 3

What is the net ATP yield from glycolysis?

Answer 3

7 ATP

Question 4

What enzyme catalyzes the first committed step of glycolysis?

Answer 4

Hexokinase

Question 5

What is the purpose of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)?

Answer 5

Regulates glycolysis rate

Question 6

The product of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate oxidation?

Answer 6

1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate

Question 7

The role of pyruvate kinase

Answer 7

Catalyzes final step of glycolysis

Question 8

What is the byproduct of glycolysis in anaerobic conditions?

Answer 8

Lactate

Question 9

What is the regulatory molecule that inhibits glycolysis?

Answer 9

ATP

Question 10

The energy yield from glycolysis?

Answer 10

2 ATP, 2 NADH

Question 11

What is the product of pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 11

Acetyl-CoA

Question 11

The coenzyme required for pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 11

Coenzyme A (CoA)

Question 12

The enzyme complex responsible for pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 12

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Question 13

What is the purpose of the citric acid cycle?

Answer 13

Generates ATP, NADH, and FADH2

Question 14

The energy yield from pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 14

12-15 ATP

Question 15

Regulatory molecule that inhibits pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 15

Acetyl-CoA

Question 16

What is the byproduct of pyruvate oxidation in aerobic conditions?

Answer 16

ATP, NADH, FADH2

Question 17

The enzyme responsible for converting pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

Answer 17

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 18

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain?

Answer 18

Generates ATP from NADH and FADH2

Question 19

Enzyme regulating glycolysis rate

Answer 19

Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)

Question 19

Enzyme catalyzing glucose phosphorylation

Answer 19

Hexokinase

Question 20

Electron acceptor in redox reactions

Answer 20

NAD+

Question 20

Enzyme catalyzing final glycolytic step

Answer 20

Pyruvate kinase

Question 20

Pyruvate oxidation defects

Answer 20

Lactic acidosis

Question 21

In yeast, pyruvate glycolysis under anaerobic conditions is decarboxylated and reduced to form a

Answer 21

Ethanol

Question 22

Process where phosphate is directly donated to ATP from the intermediate pathway

Answer 22

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 23

It has a higher Km than normal plasma concentration of glucose, it is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate

Answer 23

Glucokinase

Question 23

Hexokinase is inhibited allosterically by its product

Answer 23

Glucose-6-phosphate

Question 23

Glucose-6-phosphate is expressed only in:

Answer 23

Liver, kidney, and pancreatic islet

Question 24

This organ can be both consumer and producer of glucose

Answer 24

Liver

Question 25

Enolase catalyzes the dehydration of phosphoenolpyruvate, it is inhibited by

Answer 25

Fluoride

Question 26

Enolase is dependent on the presence of these ions

Answer 26

Mg+ or Mn2+ ions

Question 27

High glycolytic rate, tissues produce ______ if the pyruvate oxidation is impaired/absent

Answer 27

Lactate

Question 28

3 nonequilibrium reactions in Glycolysis

Answer 28

Hexokinase, Fructokinase, pyruvate kinase

Question 29

In erythrocyte, the ________ of ATP formation in Glycolysis may bypass

Answer 29

First site (phosphoglycerate kinase) bypass by biphosphoglycerate mutase

Question 30

Oxidation of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA

Answer 30

a irreversible route (Glycolysis - Citric Acid Cycle)

Question 31

It is regulated by End-Product Inhibition & Covalent Modification

Answer 31

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase

Question 32

Inhibition of Pyruvate metabolism leads to

Answer 32

Lactic acidosis

Question 33

Pyruvate dehydrogenase is inhibited by its products:

Answer 33

Acetyl-CoA and NADH

Question 34

Alcoholic person are?

Answer 34

Thiamin deficient (alcohol inhibits thiamin absorption)

Question 35

Can be result of defects in one or more of the components of the enzyme complex; present w/ lactic acidosis, particularly after a glucose load

Answer 35

Inherited pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency

Question 36

Inherited aldolase A deficiency and pyruvate kinase deficiency in erythrocytes cause:

Answer 36

hemolytic anemia