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Rumi (LEC) > Goats > Flashcards

Goats Flashcards

1
Q

What is the taxonomy of goats?

A

Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Mammalia, Order: Artiodactyla, Family: Bovidae, Genus: Capra, Species: Capra hircus

Goats are classified under the phylum Chordata due to their spinal structure and are even-toed ungulates.

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2
Q

Define ‘polytocous’.

A

Giving birth to multiple offspring at the same time.

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3
Q

What does ‘viviparous’ mean?

A

Bringing forth live young that have developed inside the body of the parent.

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4
Q

What are dental pads?

A

Feature of ruminant dental anatomy that results from a lack of upper incisors, helping them gather large quantities of grass and other plant matter.

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5
Q

Describe how goats feed.

A

Inclined to forage or browse from the top of a plant downward and are considered ‘nonselective browsers’.

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6
Q

What are the male and female goats called?

A

Male: billy or buck; Female: doe or nanny.

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7
Q

What is the average gestation period for goats?

A

150 days.

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8
Q

What is the estrous cycle duration for goats?

A

21 to 23 days (Average: 21 days).

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9
Q

What is the significance of the vomeronasal organ in sexual behavior of billies?

A

It helps transport the scent of female urine during the courtship ritual.

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10
Q

Why are goats referred to as the ‘poor man’s cow’?

A

Because they require lesser investment and are cheaper to rear.

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11
Q

What are the three production systems for goats?

A
  • Extensive
  • Semi-intensive
  • Intensive
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12
Q

What are the production purposes for goats?

A
  • Meat
  • Milk
  • Both
  • Hair
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13
Q

What characterizes an extensive production system for goats?

A

Large areas to feed the animals, with a low animal density.

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14
Q

What is an intensive production system for goats?

A

Decrease in grazing dependence and an increase in the use of concentrated feeds.

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15
Q

What are the types of goats based on purpose?

A
  • Meat type
  • Dairy type
  • Material type
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16
Q

Describe the Boer goat.

A

Meat-type, polyestrous, highly resistant to diseases, and docile with an average daily gain of 200g/day.

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17
Q

What is the physical appearance of the Spanish goat?

A

Medium-sized and lanky with long and twisty horns.

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18
Q

What distinguishes the La Mancha goat?

A

Distinct gopher ears or elf ears and a high fat & protein content in milk.

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19
Q

What is the origin of the Anglo-Nubian goat?

A

Developed in England from a cross between British goats and bucks of African & Indian origin.

20
Q

What is the Toggenburg goat known for?

A

Oldest known dairy goat breed with excellent udder development and high milk production.

21
Q

What are the characteristics of Alpine breeds of goats?

A
  • Medium size
  • Fine textured ears
  • Low fat content (3.4%)
22
Q

What is unique about the Saanen goat?

A

Medium to large size, sensitive to excessive sunlight, and heavy milk producers with 3-4% milk fat.

23
Q

What is the origin of the Philippine Native Goat?

A

Originated from Katjang breed.

24
Q

List some other goat breeds.

A
  • Pygmy
  • Damascus goat
  • Angora
  • Jamnapari
  • Hejazi
  • Cashmere
  • Nachi goat
25
What should be considered when choosing a foundation stock for goats?
Adaptability to the Philippine weather.
26
What are the three criteria for choosing goats with reproductive performances?
* Physical * Productive * Reproductive
27
What is cryptorchidism in bucks?
A common and heritable condition.
28
What attributes should be considered for breeding nannies/does?
* Good leg conformity * Well-formed udders * High average daily gain * High milk production
29
What are common reasons for pregnancy failure in goats?
* Poor quality of the billy semen * Abnormal ovum * Miss timing of mating * Hormone imbalance * Malnutrition * High ambient temperature * Obesity * Stress and injury * Infectious agent of the genital tract
30
What physical attributes should breeding bucks exhibit?
* Masculine profile * Good legs * Large, well-formed testes
31
What physical attributes should be considered for breeding bucks?
Body should exhibit a masculine profile with a heavier chest and forebody, good legs, and two large, well-formed, functional, equal-sized testes in a single scrotum
32
How does testicle size relate to sperm production in bucks?
Sperm production is related to the circumference of the testicles; greater scrotal circumference leads to more semen production
33
What is the minimum scrotal circumference for mature bucks?
At least 25 cm or 10 inches
34
When should a buck be culled?
Abnormal testicles, single testicle, diseased testes, excessive split in scrotum
35
What is essential for successful artificial insemination in goats?
Proper heat detection and/or hormonal synchronization of the estrous cycle
36
What methods of insemination are used in goats?
* Vaginal (pericervical deposition) * Cervical (intracervical deposition) * Transcervical or laparoscopic intrauterine insemination
37
What are the advantages of artificial insemination (AI) in goats?
* Allows goats of superior quality to proliferate * Increases reproduction chances for old billies * More hygienic and conforms with biosecurity * Reduces costs of having billies on different farms
38
What are the disadvantages of artificial insemination (AI)?
* Highly technical requiring trained personnel * Processing cost can be high * Needs careful planning and breeding records * Risk of spreading venereal disease if done incorrectly * Cost of proper cold chain and storage of semen
39
What is the average length of goat gestation?
145–155 days (average 150 days)
40
What is a good mothering ability in goats?
Capability to care for and raise kids successfully, including cleaning kids, bleating to communicate, and protecting them
41
What should be done one week before a doe is expected to kid?
Separate the female from the rest of the herd
42
What are signs of approaching kidding?
* Enlarged udders and teats 2 months before kidding * Nervous behavior * Hollow appearance on both sides * Slight mucus discharge a few days before birth
43
What is colostrum and why is it important for newborn kids?
First milk produced after birth, high in immunoglobulins, vitamin A, minerals, fat; must be ingested within the first hour after birth
44
What is the purpose of flushing in goat breeding?
Increasing the level of feed offered to breeding does to improve body weight, ovulation rate, and litter size
45
What should be included in a suggested supplemental feeding program for goats?
* Trace mineralized salt containing selenium * Complete goat mineral offered free choice * An abundant supply of browsing material
46
Fill in the blank: Newborn kids must ingest _______ of their body weight in the first 12 to 24 hours of life.
10%
47
True or False: Goats prefer shrubs and tree leaves over pasture and forbs.
True

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