Godden & Baddeley (1975) Flashcards
1
Q
Experiment 1?
A
- used 5 lists of words each consisting of 36 unrelated 2+3 syllable words
- there were 4 groups + 2 conditions (dry + wet)
- P’s had to recall words either UW then on L, UW then UW, on L and then on L or on L then UW
2
Q
What was the aim of Godden + Baddeley’s paper?
A
- to investigate the effects of context cues on recall
- to see whether or not the divers would be able learn and recall more words in the same environment or in different environment (either under the water or on dry land)
- to test their theory in a natural environment
3
Q
Results of exp 1?
A
- the interaction between the effect of learning and recall environment was highly significant
- learning on land and recall on land was better than recall underwater
- while learning underwater and recall underwater was better than recall on land
- these results are in line with the context-dependent memory hypothesis
4
Q
Why did G+B conduct experiment 2?
A
- due to limitations in the first exp
- there was no control over the time of day + EV
- there was also a suggestion that the context dependent effects may not be due to the environment change but instead due to disruption caused by taking the subject from one environment to the other
- also to see whether it was due to disruption but found that it is unlikely this result is due to disruption
5
Q
What was different in exp 2?
A
they used a modified condition where the subjects were required to enter the water and dive during the 4 min delay in the land condition
6
Q
What were the results of experiment 2?
A
- scores obtained in exp 2 were lower than those in exp 1
- may be due to background noise that was not present in exp 1 or the fact that the volunteers were not familiar with the testing situation
7
Q
Conclusions from G+B experiment?
A
- recall is better if the context at the two time points is the same (context is reinstated) - wet wet and dry dry conditions
- CDM exists and is also found outside the lab
