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goljan Flashcards

1
Q

TYPE II HSR reactions

A

complement dependent – complement independent

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2
Q

complement dependent reactions

A

cell lysis :IgM (MAC) + IgG (C5a) —

phagocytosis : IgG + C3b

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3
Q

complement independent reaction

A

ADCC- IgG + IgE —

IgG autoantibodies against cell surface receptors

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4
Q

what type of HSR is causes by thermophilic actinomycetes

A

farmers lung - type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis - moldy hay – example of ARTHRUS REACTION

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5
Q

IL-12 fxn

A

secreted by macrophages — tells naïve CD4 Th cells to go to Th1 cells

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6
Q

what activates macrophages ?

A

IFN-gamma

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7
Q

what infection is big in bone marrow transplant

A

CMV

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8
Q

what happens to host blood group in bone marrow transplant

A

host assumes donor ABO group

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9
Q

allograft

A

same species-but different genetics

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10
Q

xenograft

A

different species

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11
Q

human organ transplant is which type of graft

A

allograft

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12
Q

grafts between identical twins

A

syngeneic graft ( isograft )

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13
Q

hyperacute rejection HSV and causes

A

type II HSV – ABO + HLA mismatch

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14
Q

MC transplant rejection

A

acute

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15
Q

is hyperacute reversible or irreversible

A

irreversible - have to replace organ!

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16
Q

is acute rejection reversible or irreversible

A

reversible

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17
Q

most successful transplant organ

A

cornea

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18
Q

what is the key cell that causes acute transplant rejection

A

dendritic cells from donor organ that has MHC class I and II cells

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19
Q

acute rejection contains which HSR

A

type 2 - anti HLA preformed antibodies —

type 4 - DTH and cytotoxicity

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20
Q

MC infection solid organ transplant

A

candida > aspergillus

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21
Q

MC infection bone marrow transplant

A

aspergillus > candida

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22
Q

autoimmune disease is a loss of ?

A

self tolerance

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23
Q

polyclonal B cell activators?

A

HIV, EBV, CMV — this creates AUTOANTIBODIES

24
Q

what viruses are implicated in autoimmune disease

A

EBV, CMV, HHV-6, coxsackievirus, measles

25
Q

autoimmune disease – EBV

A

hep B, SLE, RA

26
Q

autoimmune disease – CMV

A

system sclerosis

27
Q

MS - viruses

A

HHV6 + influenza A

28
Q

autoimmune disease – measles

A

acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

29
Q

autoimmune disease – coxsackievirus

A

B3 - myocarditis

B4 - type I DM

30
Q

two bacteria that cause GUILLAIN BARRE

A

mycoplasma pneumonia + campylobacter jejuni

31
Q

what non MHC gene is involved in CROHNs

A

NOD-2

32
Q

what non MHC gene is involved in type 1 DM + RA

A

PTPN-22

33
Q

mechanism of injury in SLE

A
  1. type 2 HSR – autoantibodies cause cytopenias

2. type 3 HSR – ICs ( DNA-anti DNA) cause systemic inflammation ( vascultis )

34
Q

cardio manifestations in SLE

A

fibrinous pericarditis (serositis) w or w/o effusion MC — libman sacks endocarditis

35
Q

what heart valve is affected in SLE

A

mitral valve — causes regurg

36
Q

MC respiratory finding in SLE

A

pleuritic chest pain ( pain on INSPIRATION ) w or w/o effusion — SEROSITIS

37
Q

lymph findings in SLE

A

generalized PAINFUL LAD + splenomegaly

38
Q

MSK finding in SLE

A

arthralgia - MCP+PIP – non deforming

39
Q

SKIN finding in SLE

A

malar rash on face

40
Q

RENAL finding in SLE

A

membranous in nephrotic — DPGN in nephritic

MCCOD

41
Q

RESPIRATORY finding in SLE

A

pleuritic chest pain — SEROSITIS

42
Q

CNS findings in SLE

A

headache, seizures, strokes

43
Q

what causes strokes in SLE

A

antiphospholipid syndrome causes vessel thrombosis

44
Q

pregnancy complication in SLE

A
  1. heart block in newborns (IgG SS-A(RO)) crosses the placenta
  2. spontaneous abortion
45
Q

drug induced SLE

A

procainamide + hydralazine

46
Q

clinical findings in drug induced SLE

A

pleuritis, fever, arthralgia

47
Q

what is seen on the hands in dermatomyositis?

A

purple papules on the knuckles and PIP+DIP joints

48
Q

what is seen on the face in dermatomyositis?

A

swelling and red discoloration under the eyes

49
Q

how is serum complement affected in SLE

A

decreased b/c of IC formation

50
Q

what is used to treat SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS

A

penicillamine for skin fibrosis — cyclophosphamide for interstitial fibrosis

51
Q

what cells are increased in SCLERODERMA

A

CD4 Th2 cells causes cytokine release which damages endothelial cells leading to VASCULITIS

52
Q

MC initial sign in SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS

A

Raynaud’s phenomenon

53
Q

skin findings in SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS

A

narrowing of digits causes raynauds phenomenon, sclerodactyly, thickened skin, and edema of the hands — mouth has a mouse like appearance

54
Q

respiratory findings in SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS

A

PH, interstitial fibrosis leads to restrictive lung disease and eventually resp failure — MCCOD

55
Q

what are the noninfectious inflammatory myopahties

A

DM + PM

56
Q

both DM + PM have increased risk for

A

lung and bladder cancer + non Hodgkin malignant lymphoma

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