GORD

Question 1

causes of GORD

Answer 1

• anatomical: sphincter dysfunction, hiatus hernia
• physiological: smoking, alcohol, spicy/fatty foods, large meals at night, pregnancy, obesity, drugs (e.g. anticholinergics)

Question 2

symptoms of GORD

Answer 2

• retrosternal pain- worse when lying/bending down; relieved by antacids
• regurgitation into mouth
• tooth decay
• odynophagia

Question 3

GORD investigations

Answer 3

• diagnosis made on clinical symptoms
• barium swallow to identify cause

Question 4

GORD management

Answer 4

• lifestyle changes
• antacids, full dose PPI, or H2 receptor antagonist if PPI contraindicated
• surgery: hernia repair, junction repair

Question 5

complication of GORD

Answer 5

Barret’s oesophagus - stratified epithelium > columnar; increased ridk of adenocarcinoma